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Posterior tibialis tendon dysfunction (PTTD) is the principal cause of adult acquired flatfoot. As PTTD is related to the eversion of the rear foot, it is important to know if foot orthoses can attenuate this movement during gait. Results of this study show that custom foot orthoses (FOs) reduced ev...
The Facial and Ocular CountermeasUre Safety (FOCUS) headform was designed to evaluate injury risk and effectiveness of countermeasures. Many of its segmented facial regions have been evaluated previously and shown to have biofidelic responses. The current study investigated both the biomechanical re...
Motor control complexity, calculated from muscle synergies, offers a convenient metric to evaluate impairment level in individuals with neuromuscular disorders; however, the role of such measures in rehabilitation remains unclear due, in part, to a limited understanding of the modulability of motor ...
The study was investigated the relationship between changes in the performance of vertical jumps and punch velocity in karate. Variations in relative force (RF) and vertical impulse (VI) are the associated the velocity peak of fist (VPF). Therefore, there is a high contribution the lower body muscle...
Self-administered interventions are an important clinical tool, but the ability to quantify the quality of these interventions is lacking from both the home and clinic. Here we use a wearable sensor and a custom analysis framework to evaluate the efficacy of video-guided and self-applied Epley maneu...
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) patients were grouped into four distinct clusters, based on walking vertical ground reaction force (VGRF) traces and knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome subscores (KOOS), using a novel statistical approach. Distinct representative VGRF traces resul...
The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in muscles activation while pedaling a stationary recumbent bicycle forward versus backward. Surface Electromyography (sEMG) was used on the tibialis anterior (tib), vastus lateralis (vas), gastrocnemius lateral head (gas), and biceps femori...
This study aimed to compare the upper body angular motion in different genders. Thirty healthy subjects participated in this study. Subjects walked on a level surface with tri-axial gyro-sensors attached at four locations on the back of body (pelvis, T10, C7, and head). Men generally had smaller ang...
Musculoskeletal simulation models are popular to investigate injury situations on a computer. The existing musculoskeletal simulation models typically consist of a rigid multi-body model and muscles. Rigid segments prevent some mechanical behaviour of bones from being considered. In this study a com...
The incidence of knee injuries in sport are well documented with several key variables associated with the risk of injury during cutting and landing identified. The contribution of lower extremity muscle activity is lesser known but may provide insights into the mechanisms as well as training and pr...
Long-duration human exposure to microgravity in spaceflight causes various musculoskeletal adaptations. Space agencies have developed varied countermeasure programs to maintain astronaut fitness in these conditions. The documented findings and development of these programs have been researched for i...
Single Leg Cycling is capable of providing a potent training stimulus to working muscle. It has applications to in sport performance, rehabilitation, and research. Researchers have reduced biomechanical diffferences between single and double leg cycling in several ways, all requiring specialized equ...
To observe differences in centre of pressure (COP) trajectories of 15 low back pain subjects during gait at three different walking speeds, a vector field statistical analysis was conducted. Medial-lateral COP showed medialisation (1) at fast walking speed, at transition between shock absorption pha...
Mechanisms for rapid stroke-induced bone loss are unknown. Using a mouse stroke model, we examined whether vascular changes in bone may contribute. Compared to sham, stroke mice had transiently lower perfusion yet higher blood vessel volume in hindlimb bones; these vessels were larger and located fa...
Higher risk of fracture in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may be related to poor bone development in childhood. Prior research indicates that children with ASD have a lower areal bone mineral density (aBMD) but similar aBMD gains during development when compared to typically develop...
Providing load during dynamic lower limb CT acquisition has not been possible yet. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of a new device to create a weight-bearing condition during horizontal squat (HS)and to compare it to a wall orthostatic squat (OS). 3D kinematics and surface EMG (sEMG) wer...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the individual fingertip forces between healthy and spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Thirty volunteers participated in this study. Analysis showed that every p-value is a statistically significant difference for the independent t-test. In the comparison...
Cells are constantly exposed to loads, which are sensed by their organelle and transduced into cellular events, a phenomenon called mechanotransduction. Despite receiving significant attention over the past years and exponential advances in cell characterization techniques, understanding how mechani...
We investigated role of biomechanical and neural constraints in the formation of the plantar covariation of hindlimb elevation angles during walking in the cat. Using experimental and computational methods we found evidence that neural spinal circuitry may be responsible for the planar covariation.
The present study has revealed that the kinetic chain of rearfoot pronation-supination and shank rotation contributes to lateral motion control of the knee during early stance. The subjects were 26 healthy adults. The kinematic chain ratio (conversion rate of shank rotation angle in relation to rear...
The aim of this study was to quantify the test-retest reliability of crank-level variables during maximal cycling. Fourteen track sprint cyclists performed 3 x 4 s seated sprints at 135rpm on an isokinetic ergometer, repeating the session 7.6 ± 2.5 days later. Crank-level variables demonstrated exc...
Grip force (GF) has been related to bone size and strength at the radius shaft in children. We assessed whether grip force would independently predict variance in finite element derived bone strength estimates (failure load and stiffness) at the fracture-prone distal radius. We also assessed whether...
Centre of Pressure (CoP) trajectories were derived from participants walking barefoot, minimally shod and in their conventional footwear. Results showed minimally shod walking to be intermediate between barefoot and conventionally shod walking.
A novel testing system was developed to evaluate the mechanical characteristics of shoes in the same laboratory where biomechanical data are to be collected. Compressed height, change in height with compression, and initial and late stiffness were compared between left and right shoes for 10 pairs o...
Visual feedback has been shown to assist rehabilitation in populations with motor control deficits. This study uses a laser light worn on the lower limb and a target board to provide visual feedback to post-stroke and MS participants. Kinematic and temporal responses were recorded during a box step ...
In analyzing the accuracy of trainer form scores as a quantitative assessment of athletic form, wearables were used to compare the individuals’ form score to their biomechanics. The Lock and Load drill, one that requires control to lift the opposite leg and hand simultaneously off the ground from ...
The aim of this study is to compare an IMU-based system with a motion capture system in relation to nonlinear analysis of kinematics. Subjects were asked to walk on an instrumented treadmill at their self-selected walking speed and the Lyapunov exponent, a measure of stride-to-stride variability, wa...
The concurrent validity and reliability of two mobile applications designed to measure vertical jump heights were analyzed in this study using a force platform and 3D motion analysis as criterion methods. The results showed that jump height can be accurately and reliably estimated using these mobile...
To estimate the contribution of individual muscles to steadily control measurable net force during isometric contractions in a multiple-muscle model, we calculated cross correlation function between isometric plantarflexion force and rectified surface EMG (rEMG) of the involved muscles in low freque...
Frontal-plane ankle motion is important for balance in walking, but is seldom controlled in robotic prostheses. This abstract describes the control and performance of a semi-active two degree of freedom robotic prosthetic ankle. The mechanism uses a nonbackdrivable cam wedge system based on rotating...
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