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This literature review and meta-analyses show that there is a statistically significant elevation in Metabolic Cost of Walking (MCoW) between healthy young and elderly for both gross (12%) and net costs (17%) of walking. However this elevation is possibly confounded by an interaction between age and...
This study uses inertial sensors to analyze foot clearance and its relation to two gait conditions (walking and running) while traveling on stairs (ascent and descent). Our study found that during stair ascent, clearance is significantly larger when running. This finding suggests that humans use the...
When forces are exerted on muscle, the different tissues within this structure will deform. Pulling on the insertion of a passive muscle will lengthen the muscle fibers and, hence, the in series arranged sarcomeres and the tendon. Besides at the origin and insertion, forces can also be exerted direc...
In this investigation of 20 knees, part of a prospective study of surgical technique and outcomes of total knee arthroplasty, we observed no significant correlation between anterior femoral translation during passive knee flexion, measured intraoperatively, and peak involved knee flexion moment duri...
Current literature provides evidence that moving adjacent body segments can alter muscle activity, but there is a gap on the effects at the glenohumeral joint. The purpose of this study is to investigate differences in glenohumeral muscle activation elicited by altering torso angle during shoulder f...
Attending almost two decades of CSB meetings, beginning with CSB 2000 in Montreal after undergrad and more recently as Co-chair for CSB 2018 in Halifax, there are two primary themes that stand out to me and make our society very special. These themes include the wide breadth of world class biomechan...
Joint position sense of the dominant and nondominant shoulder was measured in healthy subjects to quantify error in a joint position sense task with and without visual information. Previous studies have examined sensory differences in dominance with conflicting results. Some have shown that no diffe...
Biomechanical studies typically model the ankle as a rigid foot segment, and thus the contribution of structures within the foot to overall leg stiffness has been largely neglected. We designed a study to investigate the contributions of the ankle, midfoot and forefoot to lower limb stiffness. We hy...
Humans and chimpanzees walk quite differently, and it is unclear how posture and morphology influence the distinct gait patterns observed between species. We instructed humans to walk with various crouched postures to imitate the bipedal gait patterns of chimpanzees. While kinematics and ground reac...
Because of the epidemiological incidence of Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries and the high reinjury rates that occur when returning back to sports, what criteria should be used to return the athletes to sports after ACL reconstruction is still an open issue. Neuromuscular risk factors have p...
We have engineered the first animal models to study Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome (FSS) by expressing transgenic myosin containing FSS-causing point mutations Y583S and T178I in Drosophila. We studied the mutations’ effects on indirect flight muscle (IFM) and jump muscle mechanical properties to elucid...
Fracture energy was computed as an objective measure of intra-articular fracture (IAF) severity across multiple joints. Energies were normalized by contact areas to enable comparison of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) rates across joints. There was a highly significant relationship between cont...
We aimed to find a relationship between mechanical stiffness and hysteresis of equine SCB, and in vivo fatigue-induced microdamage. We found mechanical properties of cartilage-bone were associated with the damage volume of the specimens and were significantly different between specimens with and wit...
The relationship between trunk musculature endurance and running kinematics has been understudied. This study aimed to determine the influence of trunk endurance on sagittal plane joint ranges of motion (ROM) in male and female adolescent long-distance runners. Results suggest that greater trunk end...
The aim of this study was to quantify 3D hip, knee, and ankle joint work during incline and decline slope walking. While the majority of work occurred in the sagittal plane, substantial contributions were also seen in the transverse and frontal planes, especially for declines. At the hip, transverse...
There is growing use of foot orthosis (FO) to improve comfort and performance as well as to relieve pain for various pathologies. However, the design of FOs is still based on controversial and uncertain criteria. Previous research evaluated FO based on foot motion and pressure. This is the first stu...
The in vivo knee joint kinematics of five different knee implant designs were analysed during level walking and stair descent using moving videofluoroscopy. Even though individual motion characteristics were observed between subjects, especially in less constrained designs, different implant feature...
Movement planning and execution are heavily influenced by visual and proprioceptive sensory information. The present study tests the effect of visual manipulations in a 3D virtual reality environment on movement outcomes in a joint position sense task. It was observed that removing visual informatio...
The purpose of this study is to classify the spinal curvature in a cross-legged sitting posture. The sitting position was defined as three positions (flat, lordosis, and slump) considering the spinal curvature. In this study, we developed a classification algorithm that reflects the characteristics ...
Regular papers should present novel perspectives within the general scope of the conference. Short papers (Work-in-Progress) are an opportunity to present preliminary or interim results. Posters are intended for ongoing research projects, concrete realizations, or industrial applications/projects pr...
The purpose of this study was to determine the association between corticomotor excitability (CME) of the gluteus maximus (GM) and the average hip extensor moment during single-leg drop jump. Thirty-two healthy individuals (17 females, 15 males) participated. The slope of the input-output curve obta...
Abnormal gait biomechanics, specifically excessive hip adduction and contralateral pelvic drop, have been implicated as a potential cause of overuse injuries in female runners. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether endurance or strength of the hip abductor musculature had a stronger r...
The relationship of midline frontal theta (MFT) and balance control was measured during standing tasks using electroencephalography and inertial sensors.
The relative muscle volume is the critical parameter to estimate the contribution of individual muscle on joint torque. Because muscle hypertrophy is prominent in the fast than slow twitch muscle, it is hypothesized that the relative muscle volume of triceps surae may vary among subjects according t...
In this presentation, Hilary Stellingwerff (2-time Olympian in 1500m) will share her experiences training during and after pregnancy in lead up to the Rio Olympics. She will present and discuss these assessment and changes from an athlete and mother’s perspective and hopefully provide a unique opp...
For most synovial joints, muscles provide the primary loading. Strong muscles that are working in balanced synergies are associated with joint health, while muscle weakness and muscle imbalance have been associated with joint degeneration often leading to osteoarthritis (OA). Furthermore, early OA h...
Wearable head impact sensors have the potential to generate field data that can be used to improve our understanding of concussive brain injury. This study explores some sources of variability that need to be considered when using these data to create injury risk functions, improve safety equipment,...
A child with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (CP) who has stiff knee gait (SKG) was trained by real-time feedback on his knee joint pattern during treadmill walking. The participant’s knee flexion angle increased remarkably in the first feedback trial and this change was maintained in the same training ...
Most frequent ligament injuries at the lower limb occur at the ankle and, despite the numerous studies, controversies still exist regarding their stabilizing function. Furthermore, the functions of some ligaments are still unknown because of access difficulties. Therefore, the aim of this study was ...
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