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One of the fundamental motor deficits after stroke is abnormal coordinative patterns. However, it is still unclear underlying mechanisms of the motor deficit characteristic of stroke. Here, we investigated how stroke affects individual joint contributions to the abnormal coordinative patterns during...
An understanding of deep hip muscle function in femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) is needed to inform targeted treatment programs. This exploratory study compared activation patterns of the deep and superficial hip muscles during a step ascent task in individuals with FAIS (subgrouped by ...
The rate of oxygen uptake (V̇O2) has been used to infer changes in metabolic rate with changes in EMG; however, V̇O2 is simply a proxy for the energy cost (EC) of exercise since the former does not account for substrate use. We compared the EMG/V̇O2 to the EMG/EC across different power outputs an...
The impact of knee laxity following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) on post-operative knee dynamics is not fully understood, and knee kinematics and kinetics likely influence patient perceptions, clinical performance, and component wear. The purpose of this study was to characterize intra-operative kn...
Variable Stiffness Shoes (VSS) have been developed to reduce external knee adduction moment (KAM) in patients with osteoarthritis (OA). This study’s findings suggest transverse and frontal plane gait adaptations in VSS that occur at the knee and hip need to be considered to understand the potentia...
Rat femur fracture models are widely used in small animal proof of concept research. The objective of this study is to determine whether a significant difference exists between femoral 3-point bending strength of male Sprague Dawley (SD) and female Wistar rats as well as between Wistar rats of diffe...
The Hollowing exercise is part of training regimens to recover dynamic lumbar stability thought the enhancement of deep abdominal muscles function. During exercise execution guidance is usually given, but the intra-session effectiveness is unknown. We compared the thickness of transverse abdominis (...
Claims have been made that excessive forearm pronation at foot contact (FC) during a pitch, also known as ‘Tommy John Twist’, causes an increase in elbow varus torque. A sample of 148 professional pitchers were analyzed to investigate the relationship of forearm pronation and varus torque during...
For patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA) downhill gait is often associated with pain. Therefore, the isometric muscle strength and gait biomechanics of 10 patients with moderate KOA was analysed during 4 different inclines and compared to a healthy control group (n=7). Patients with KOA showed si...
Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) tears often occur in landing situations due to unbalanced loading of the knee joint. In this study sagittal plane kinematics and kinetics of ACL reconstructed subjects were analysed during bilateral landing at six months after ACL reconstruction and compared to a mat...
Perception of knee healthy is important in return to physical activity after knee injuries. The association between the subjective measurements and objective markers of knee stress is important. Here we found a positive relationship between perception of knee health and impact forces on participants...
This study compared the accuracy, precision and consistency of unilateral transtibial amputees (UTAs) stepping in to a floor-based target against able-bodied participants. UTAs exhibited reduced precision and consistency during the task, meaning they may find required changes in foot placement inher...
A musculoskeletal simulation study is necessary to identify the cause-effect relationship between hip abductor weakness and ACL loading during athletic events such as landing and jumping. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of weakness of hip abductors on lower extremity kinematics ...
A descriptive kinematic analysis was performed to compare stance width, foot orientation, and sagittal angle of the ankle, knee, hip and trunk between self-selected and a spine motion- constrained lifting technique. When lumbar spine motion was constrained, hip flexion, knee flexion and ankle dorsif...
Compared to uninjured persons, those with lower extremity amputation rely more on visual feedback to maintain balance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate center-of-mass (COM) accelerations in persons with a lower extremity amputation after the removal of visual feedback on both stable and uns...
High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a surgical procedure used to correct leg misalignments that could induce osteoarthritis by redistributing the knee joint loads. In this study, the two musculoskeletal (MSK) models, created from medical images, were modified according to HTO surgical pre-operative plans...
This study aimed to test whether intramuscular pressure (IMP) represents aging related changes by stimulating the fibular nerve and measuring ankle torque, compound muscle action potential (CMAP), and IMP from TA of healthy young (20-40 years old) and older (60-80 years old) adults. It was found tha...
Reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) usually leads to favourable clinical and functional results, yet some patients experience persisting limitations in shoulder range of motion (ROM). Shoulder abduction ROM is comprised of individual contributions of scapular rotation (between scapula and thorax) an...
This study examined the viability of replacing traditional cross cutting techniques in a laboratory due to the difficulties of capturing high-intensity, “natural” cross cuts. Range of motion and peak moments about the knee were recorded for three tasks: traditional cross cutting, jump cutting, a...
Movement and muscle activity involving the lumbopelvic region differ between individuals who develop transient LBP during prolonged standing, compared to their pain-free peers. However, these findings involved low-demand tasks. Challenging task variations may elicit group differences previously unse...
In accordance to Panjabi’s spinal stability model, if a deficit existed in one spinal stability system another system is thought to compensate to maintain spinal stability. This study examined whether those with delayed trunk reflexes did modify muscle activation patterns to complete a dynamic lif...
An induced power analysis was implemented on the throwing motion of the trunk, upper arm, and forearm during baseball pitching to decompose the energetic contributions to elbow valgus loading. Trunk flexion and rotation torques generated energy in arm-cocking and contributed more than half the energ...
High knee flexion postures (>120º) result in intersegmental contact of the lower limb. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of including 3D intersegmental contact on proximal tibia contact force estimations. Sixteen participants performed six high knee flexion postures while kinemat...
Slip and fall events are a major cause of occupational injuries. Footwear is an important consideration for assessing risk of slipping. Previous research has shown that shoe tread fluid drainage capabilities contributes to slip likelihood and that slip-resistant (SR) shoes tend to have better tracti...
The supraspinatus includes two distinct regions. Relationships between regional indwelling electromyography (EMG) and a surface EMG were defined during arm elevation across several factors. Sex, elevation angle and intensity influenced the relationships for both regions, while plane of elevation inf...
This study examined the associations between standard walking stability measures [Feasible Stability Region (FSR) and Margin of Stability (MOS)] and linear velocities of the torso and pelvis segments during intentional slips in 17 young healthy participants. MOS was related to anterior/posterior seg...
This study assessed the effects of an intrinsic foot muscle (IFM) strengthening program on biomechanical factors associated with the development of plantar fasciitis. Following an 8-week, periodized IFM strengthening protocol, rearfoot and midfoot eversion, medial longitudinal arch deformation, and ...
The IDEO brace improves function in limb salvage patients, yet the isolated power contribution by the brace has not been explored. Using two sets of tracking markers, it was found that the IDEO performed greater negative and positive work than the lower leg system. This is likely a result of the pro...
The torso has always played an important role in baseball pitching. The movement of the upper limbs is greatly affected by the pelvis and trunk. Understanding the difference between the pelvis and the trunk will help coaches and players not only improve their pitching skills and also their pitching ...
Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) leads to complex knee joint translation and rotation differences that are theorized to contribute to the development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). The finite helical axis (FHA) is a powerful approach to describe post-traumatic alterations in...
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