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We present a novel multiscale modelling approach for investigating knee joint tissue mechanics during dynamic activities. Based on a musculoskeletal model with 12 degrees of freedom (DOF) knee joint (tibiofemoral and patellofemoral joints), muscle forces, knee joint contact forces and moments, and t...
The aim of this study is to test and validate a novel step counter method (DiSC) based on distance and inertial measurements recorded using a single wearable prototype system (SWINGDS) applied to one of the ankles. Thirteen patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) performed a six-minute walking test (6...
The angle of th joint is important information to grasp the exact state of the joint in the human body. In this study, we measured the angular displacement using the optical signal change according to the joint angle change, unlike the conventional joint measurement method.
The prosthesis and the stump must fit together in an optimal way for pressure to be distributed correctly. However, despite these efforts, this contact is not always the most appropriate. The contact between the stump and socket generates high pressure points, causing discomfort and damage to the st...
This study compared hip muscle geometry (volumes, length), mechanical potential (moment arms), and strength in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) and healthy controls. Results suggest that abnormal bone structure in DDH creates a mechanical disadvantage for muscles surrounding th...
Arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) is a known phenomenon that causes reflex inhibition of muscles that surround the injured joint. The mechanisms of AMI remain unclear. Novel decomposed electromyography (dEMG) technology may reveal motor unit (MU) firing frequency and recruitment of AMI. EMG was co...
To investigate lower limb movement differences on Warrior I pose between professional and novice for the best performance motion in Yoga. Five professional female Yoga instructors and five novice female were selected as subjects. The force plates and motion capture system were used to acquire the ki...
Biplane radiography is a method of acquiring 3D, dynamic bone motion in vivo. Extracting kinematic output non-invasively requires an accurate 3D bone model that is often derived from a CT (high radiation exposure). Ultrashort echo time (UTE) or “CT-like” MRI offers a potential alternative to CT....
Stair navigation is a risky task for older adults and people with balance disorders. In this study, we evaluated the effect of stair nosing design and handrail use on centre-of-mass (COM) control during ascent and descent. COM anterior displacement was affected by stair nosing, while handrail use de...
Higher risk of fracture in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) may be related to poor bone development in childhood. Prior research indicates that children with ASD have a lower areal bone mineral density (aBMD) but similar aBMD gains during development when compared to typically develop...
The Spanish squat targets the knee extensors and has been suggested to be an appropriate rehabilitation exercise for debilitative knee conditions. This study provides novel empirical data on the effect of trunk inclination on the demands of the Spanish squat that has application on the progression a...
Cartilage defects have been suggested to cause abnormal loading of subchondral bone, which may cause an adaptive response in the bone. Here, we developed an adaptation algorithm for subchondral bone based on maximum shear strain. Strains above the physiological level were assumed to cause an increas...
Energy dissipation in the foot, may lead to damaging soft tissue temperature increases in at-risk individuals. We developed a standardized system for semi-automatically measuring regional temperature changes on the plantar surface following walking. This system is utilized in a cohort of three healt...
At short sarcomere lengths (SLs) (1.9 to 2.65 µm) single muscle fibres from old individuals had a greater mean passive modulus than those from young. This resulted in a greater passive stress in the old group at SLs between 2.1 and 3.55 µm. Conversely, at long SLs (i.e. > 3.55 µm) the single fibr...
The formation of a micro-damage process zone (MDPZ) ahead of cracks in cortical bone increases its fracture resistance. How extensive this MDPZ forms, is therefore vital to bone's fracture toughness. Using a continuum damage mechanics (CDM) approach, a finite element (FE) model was built to simulate...
Ankle impedance plays a critical role in how we interact with our environment. Understanding the mechanisms underlying these interactions is especially important when joint function is impaired. Ankle impedance is proportional to ankle torque and muscle activation during postural control tasks; howe...
Split sole shoes have a special outsole that is not connected at the mid-foot region, allowing higher foot flexibility. The purpose of this study is to examine the biomechanical effects of the split sole design on a normal gait through kinematic analysis and electromyography (EMG). The absence of a ...
Grip force (GF) has been related to bone size and strength at the radius shaft in children. We assessed whether grip force would independently predict variance in finite element derived bone strength estimates (failure load and stiffness) at the fracture-prone distal radius. We also assessed whether...
A cadaver model was utilized to determine operating muscle lengths of the infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis through the internal-external rotation range of motion before and after implantation of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) components with a lateralized glenosphere. All three mus...
The goal of this study was to assess the differences in collision work performed by healthy, aged-matched controls compared to patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) to provide foundations for an eventual exoskeleton design.
Existing stochastic models of slips depend on computing the probability that the required coefficient of friction (rCOF) exceeds the available coefficient of friction (aCOF). The result is an estimate of the probability of a slip. However, in some applications it is known that a slip has occurred an...
This study examined how fatigue, induced by a repetitive sit-to-stand movement, affects walking balance control in young and older adults with and without performing a concurrent cognitive task. Ten young (age: 27 ± 5) and 10 older (age: 70 ± 6) adults were recruited. The results showed that parti...
Rehabilitation following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury may be facilitated by a greater understanding of ACL force during activities used to prepare athletes for return to sport. Peak ACL tension and ACL impulse were compared among 40 recreational athletes during 8 rehabilitation activities...
We tested the effects of age and lateral target distance on reaction time during precision stepping. Compared to young adults, older adults have more missed steps and slower reaction times during reactive lateral stepping in walking. Surprisingly, these apparent deficits, which may relate to an inab...
An artificial neural network (ANN) has recently been used in conjunction with finite element analysis (FEA) to study different aspects of bone tissue adaptation. Data is limited in the literature to predict displacement in long bones from the measurements of strains and load using ANN. An ANN which ...
Dynamic materials handling tasks greatly contribute to low back pain cases in the U.S. To biomechanically differentiate between techniques, a musculoskeletal model in OpenSim and EMG-assisted muscle dynamics estimator, the CEINMS software, were used to quantify risk factors for two waste collection ...
The relationship between countermovement jump (CMJ) performance and foot anthropometric measures were investigated. For women, a strong negative correlation existed¶ between foot length and CMJ performance as well as toe length and CMJ performance. This was not the case for men. These results highl...
Self-administered interventions are an important clinical tool, but the ability to quantify the quality of these interventions is lacking from both the home and clinic. Here we use a wearable sensor and a custom analysis framework to evaluate the efficacy of video-guided and self-applied Epley maneu...
Finite Element (FE) modeling can be used to simulate knee joint mechanics and estimate failure sites. Computed tomography (CT) has been underused in the model generation due to difficulties in soft tissue visualisation and consequent segmentation; hence, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been the...
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