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A continuously moving axis of rotation yields Achilles tendon moment arms that differ from those found using a single fixed axis derived from ankle motion, but those differences occur only at the dorsiflexion end of the range of motion.
Assessing landings is of importance in many sports, due to the relevance of being able to attenuate force efficiently. This project investigated whether a simple spring and damper element model can be used to model a drop and stick landing task. Landing data collected from 13 surfing athletes were f...
Cells are constantly exposed to loads, which are sensed by their organelle and transduced into cellular events, a phenomenon called mechanotransduction. Despite receiving significant attention over the past years and exponential advances in cell characterization techniques, understanding how mechani...
Finite element models are used to assess the risk of developing pressure ulcers in the thighs and buttocks of wheelchair users. These models depend on experimentally obtained in vivo tissue properties from humans. However, data sets identifying the complete force-deflection curves for tissues from w...
The complex loading that occurs at the residual limb- prosthetic socket interface of a person with an amputation can affect comfort and skin integrity [1]. This study assessed the effect of providing interface pressure measurements to clinicians during the design and fabrication of prosthetic socket...
We investigated if ultrasound image (US) brightness could be used as a surrogate measure of force in 2 quadricep muscles during gait. We hypothesized that higher speeds would have higher correlations between brightness and ground reaction force (GRF). We found that the preferred speed (PS) had the l...
The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between ankle plantarflexion angle at initial contact (IC) and knee valgus angle and moment during single-leg landing. Twenty-two adults performed single-leg landings from a 0.3-m height. The ankle angle at IC was negatively correlated with pe...
Different tests are used to assess postural control. This study evaluates dependence between Center of Mass (COM) movements (in four directions: forward, backward, left and right ) during voluntary postural sways and results of Limits of Stability (LOS). Healthy women over 50 years old, who exercise...
Amputation severely disrupts muscles remaining at the end of the residual limb. We performed a pilot study to determine the effect of amputation on residual muscle architecture. We surgically amputated one hind paw in two rabbits. At two weeks post-surgery, we euthanized the rabbits, fixed both hind...
This study examined the role of cutaneous sensory feedback on the soles of the feet for a maximal motor output task. Participants performed maximum vertical squat jumps (MVSJ) under baseline, cooled, and recovered conditions. MVSJ height, jump preparation average force and impulse were lower in the ...
The purpose of this study was to describe neuromuscular and kinematic differences between failed and successful single-leg landings. Twenty-four healthy teen athletes completed unanticipated single-leg drop-jump landings on their dominant limb. Failed landings exhibited increased trunk and pelvis fl...
The relationships between general fall risk and standing measures during ladder use were assessed both with and without a concurrent cognitive task. Individuals with higher fall risk scores had increased time to complete the ladder task and reduced dual-task performance. Other ladder standing parame...
This study identified compensation strategies in ACLR athletes that persisted across 3 unilateral landing tasks. The injured limbs showed lower internal knee extension moments and increased hamstring activations. These compensations are typically seen as protective as they unload the knee joint and ...
While several biomechanical factors have been identified as key determinants of running economy (i.e. metabolic cost) [1], the influence of individual mechanical factors such as center of mass (CoM) vertical motion remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine how manipulating CoM vert...
Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is a genetic condition, mainly characterized by intellectual disability and behavioural problems. In subjects with this syndrome, delays in the acquisition of the main stages of psychomotor development are commonly observed. This project aims to investigate associations betw...
Deletion of titin kinase form healthy skeletal muscle impairs the ability of the muscle to adapt to passive tension. The lack of sarcomereogenesis to abrogate passive tension indicates titin kinase plays an essential role in myocyte adaptations to stress.
Articular cartilage (AC) is a fibre-reinforced connective tissue that covers the ends of articulating bones, providing joint lubrication, and thus allowing for smooth movement. Since AC is avascular, nutrients and proteins primarily transport via molecular diffusion. Thus, AC behavior has been exten...
The aim of the present study was to analyze joint and segment coordination and coordination variability during gait of faller and non-faller older adults at different speeds (preferred walking speed (PWS), 120% of PWS and 80% of PWS) through vector coding technique (VC). Thirty-one young adults, 22 ...
The pendulum test has been used to objectively quantify spasticity, but its utility in Parkinsonian rigidity has been studied much less. Our recent simulations suggest that key features of abnormal pendulum test kinematics can be attributed to elevated muscle tone and reflex gain in spastic cerebral...
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a painful and debilitating disease that is accelerated by excessive loading in the joint. Personalized gait modifications that reduce the first peak of the knee adduction moment (P1KAM), can improve joint pain [3], but require visits to a laboratory equipped with expensi...
Strain is an important mechanical stimulus for adaptation of¶ biological tissues such as tendons. Triathletes frequently¶ suffer from chronic tendon injuries [1], but investigations on¶ tissue strain are lacking for this population. We investigated¶ triceps surae tendon strain in triathletes dur...
Surface electromyography (sEMG) and inertial measurement units (IMU) are not established in the home environment as remote measurement systems due to difficulties associated with an intuitive and user-friendly applicability. Hence, a new sEMG-IMU sensor system was developed which consists of two arm...
An understanding of mechanical work and power during swimming is critical for determining the physiological (and thus behavioral) envelope of bottlenose dolphins. Building on previous work, we present center of mass (COM) estimates of power during a controlled swimming task. These estimates make use...
Due to changes in segmental volume and mass during weight loss, the role of body weight per se on gait characteristics in obesity is poorly understood. We measured lower extremity EMG activity and sagittal plane joint angles in obese women (N=3) walking on a positive-pressure treadmill (0 and 25% bo...
Sports-related concussion (SRC) and concurrent neck pain (NP) is one of the most common and serious injuries in the United States. Prevention strategies to target modifiable intrinsic risk/protective factors are lacking. From a joint stability perspective, it is of interest to examine whether neck m...
The purpose of the current study was to investigate an effect of spin or velocity of the pitched ball on distance of the hit ball experimentally using comparison of fastball with curveball. Six male baseball players belonging to Toto University baseball league participated in the current study. The ...
Achilles tendon moment arm (ATma) has previously been correlated with walking speed in slower walking older adults who were also heavier than faster walkers. Here we investigate the relationship between ATma and locomotor function in end-stage ankle osteoarthritis (OA) patients. Performance on three...
Real-time prediction of Achilles tendon strain can be used to inform rehabilitation and training interventions. In this study, we combined an electromyogram (EMG)-informed neuromusculoskeletal (NMS) model of the lower limbs with a surrogate finite element (FE) model of the Achilles tendon to estimat...
Ligament rupture is among the most common musculoskeletal problems. Nevertheless, an ideal graft transplant helps to bring the patient back to normality. Nowadays, two types of graph transplants are used, however, they both present disadvantages: autograft, tends to lose their mechanical resistance ...
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