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This study investigated the role of anterior pericapsular musculature during hip flexion in people with and without femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS). Differences in iliocapsularis muscle activity during peak hip flexion were suggestive of a potential dynamic role on the joint capsule in ...
The process of aging has been shown to induce significant changes to the connective tissue structures associated with skeletal muscle. A commonly observed consequence of these changes is a reduction in muscle quality such that a relatively larger proportion of a muscle’s cross-sectional area is co...
Wearable sensing provides new, quantitative metrics to monitor recovery and rehabilitation after neurologic injury. Measurements from electromyography (EMG) sensors and inertial measurement units (IMUs) can be used for tracking muscle activity and movement to evaluate prognosis and progression. Meas...
The coordination and control of rhythmic, continuous movements are constrained by metabolic energy demands, but it is not known if coordination patterns during discrete, goal-directed tasks such as maximal-height vertical jumping are constrained by energetics. Accordingly, the purpose of this study ...
Dr. Srinivasan studies energy optimization by combining human subject experiments, with simple mathematical models, and large-scale optimizations. Here he will discuss his recent work that finds that energy optimization explains a surprisingly large fraction of our locomotor repertoire.
This study reports the effects of mechanical environment on the modulation of ankle impedance during the stance phase of walking. We used a robotic platform, capable of simulating different mechanical environments and providing accurate perturbations, to investigate how ankle impedance vary during w...
External transducers have the potential to serve as practical surrogates for bone load estimates both in and outside the lab. This study examined the relationship between modelled tibia stress estimates during running using subject-specific tibial geometry with ground reaction force (GRF) and tibial...
This study aimed to determine the minimal amount of pressure sensors for the estimation accuracy of vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) in gait tasks. Ten healthy males walked and ran at self-selected speeds. Eight different layouts with different amounts of sensors (3-17 sensors) were established...
We propose and evaluate a method for measuring energy exchange between a transtibial prosthesis and the residual limb using only wearable sensors. We reconstruct leg movement from inertial sensors on the foot and shank, and incorporate force and moment from a pylon load cell to compute energy storag...
Three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) models using subject-specific kinematics during a single-leg landing task were created for a person with patellar tendinopathy (PT) and a healthy control. Maximum principal stress (MPS) in the patellar tendon was the primary dependent variable of interest. ...
Reaching overhead is a challenging task, especially for older adults, specifically because many people adopt unstable stances that lead to falls. This study investigates the effect of 3 factors on postural stability during an overhead forward reaching task: footwear, stance, and foot contact. Result...
Powered exoskeletons could be used to greatly improve a patient’s functionality, and this is especially true if they are able to accurately predict user intent. Electromyogram (EMG) and motion capture data was recorded from three subjects (two female, one male) while performing 15 walking trials. ...
We developed a novel, multiple-input single-output, closed-loop, parametric identification method to quantify the EMG-torque relations for central controller and stretch reflex contributions to human postural control. Our results demonstrated that the relation for the reflex pathway has higher bandw...
Soft tissue motion can contribute to energy losses during locomotion. Energy losses due to soft tissue motion were calculated using marker arrays on the shank soft tissue during different foot strike patterns and running velocities on a group of runners. Energy losses associated with damped soft tis...
One of the factors for increasing the ball speed in soccer is the swing speed of the kicking foot. Although previous studies have reported that kinetics and kinematics are important factors for increasing swing speed, detailed knowledge regrading mechanical energy transfer between segments (energy f...
Individuals encounter obstacles while walking through their environment on a regular basis, correct navigation of which requires correct visual perception of the obstacle and an appropriate biomechanical crossing strategy. In a physically fatigued state, environmental navigation can potentially pose...
We investigated if ultrasound image (US) brightness could be used as a surrogate measure of force in 2 quadricep muscles during gait. We hypothesized that higher speeds would have higher correlations between brightness and ground reaction force (GRF). We found that the preferred speed (PS) had the l...
Skeletal muscle passive elastic modulus is an important material property which affects muscle and joint mechanics; yet, it is still poorly understood. Both intrafibrillar (primarily titin) and extrafibrillar (basement membrane) structures are suggested to bear passive tension. Here, we applied the ...
Using indirect calorimetry, we can measure the average cost of a stride cycle but we cannot identify which phase has the highest metabolic cost (e.g. in patients). Recent simulation methods allow estimating the time profile of metabolic cost within the stride cycle. In this study, we compare the est...
Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is a major cause of pain and disability in the elderly population with many daily living activities being difficult to perform. In the present study, we describe and evaluate an inertial motion capture (IMC) driven musculoskeletal model to estimate the knee adduction moment...
A set of hot-topics will be presented and will serve to stimulate the discussion with the audience. The aim is to agree on a limited number of important innovations for the development and exploitation of shoulder biomechanics.
Rotator cuff pathology is the most common cause of shoulder pain, specifically shoulder impingement syndrome (SIS). SIS is commonly associated with changes in the glenohumeral and scapulothoracic movement patterns, suggesting dysfunction in the muscular activation order. The aims were to determine t...
In order to understand the mechanism of gastric motility, this paper presents a new approach to measure the principal direction of smooth muscle contraction in vivo and analyzes the difference of muscle contraction force by electrical stimulation between in vitro and in vivo for the same porcine sto...
The net summed joint work calculated from inverse dynamics analysis of steady state walking is often reported to be nonzero, whereas the total mechanical energy of the body (i.e. kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy) does not change between strides. This discrepancy may be explained by ...
This study investigated whether the human gait cycle spontaneously entrains to rhythmic electrical stimulation of the gastrocnemius muscle with phasing that aligns the stimuli with ankle push-off. Rhythmic stimulation was applied at the natural stride frequency, with random initial phasing. Some, bu...
A five-segment musculoskeletal model of the foot was used to estimate peak strains of the spring, deltoid, long plantar, short plantar, bifurcate, and cervical ligaments during two walking speeds. Significantly greater peak strains were found in the 3rd and 4th slips of the long plantar ligament, sh...
In this study, we proposed implement method between SLIP model that explains the walking dynamics well and a neural network (NN). The proposed method has two major steps. First is biomechanical model step, and second is NN process step. STEP 1. From CLM, estimate two direction of GRFs (F_v,F_ap) fro...
Controlled micromotion between bone fragments is a vital component of fracture healing. Distal femur fractures are stabilized using locking plates and the functional stiffness of this construct is sensitive to implant geometry, material, and bridge span (the distance between screws crossing the frac...
In vivo studies of joint moment-velocity relationships usually do not breakdown the contributions of individual muscles. Namely, force contributions of individual muscles may change according to muscle group isotonic load. To address this question, we measured the in situ force-velocity (F-V) proper...
Metabolic cost of transport (MCoT) of gait was estimated from marker data and ground reaction forces (GRFs). Sagittal plane joint angles and joint moments were determined using inverse kinematics and dynamics, respectively, and muscle states were determined by dynamic optimization. Metabolic cost of...
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