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Previous reports suggest males have greater force steadiness compared to females [1]. This study showed females had greater variability in motor unit discharge rate and reduced force steadiness compared to males. The sex differences may be due to inherent biomechanical differences in tendon complian...
Falling forward on the outstretched hand is a common cause of injuries in older adults. Fall arrest mechanics in women have been investigated but sex-related aspects are currently unknown. To date, the biomechanics of 22 older adults (11 females) who completed forward descents on outstretched hands ...
This study investigated the influence of sex on tibiofemoral cartilage response to running. Healthy adults completed MR imaging of their right knee immediately before and after 15-minutes of treadmill running at a self-selected moderate pace. Pixelwise cartilage thickness maps were created from the ...
Effective prosthetic socket design following lower-limb amputation depends upon the accurate characterization of the residuum shape and volume fluctuations. This study proposes a novel framework for measuring and analyzing residuum shape and deformation, using a high-resolution low-cost system. A mu...
Runners who forefoot strike are thought to increase strain on the plantar fascia and reduce the fascial stiffness, but there is limited quantitative evidence to support this view. Ultrasound shear wave elastography was performed to compare the plantar fascia elasticity among runners. Twenty-one rear...
This project compared the impact attenuation of three short track speed skating (ST) and two ice hockey (IH) helmets models at two impact velocities and four impact locations. The findings were that IH helmets had better linear and rotational acceleration values across all velocities and locations t...
Researchers and manufacturers often tout the energy storage and return in their passive prosthetic foot designs, but limited evidence suggests that more energy is necessarily advantageous for mobility. In this project, we utilized a custom variable-stiffness ankle prosthesis that enabled subjects to...
Prospective authors are invited to submit manuscripts reporting original unpublished research and recent developments in the topics related to the conference. It is required that the manuscript follows the standard IEEE camera-ready format (IEEE standard format, double column, 10-point font). Submis...
We think of agility as the ability to move at fast speeds while executing motor control strategies that redirect body motion and reposition limbs. Jumping to high heights and to long distances correlates with other aspects of agility, such as maximum sprint speeds. To gain intuition on how the legs ...
Incorporating variable muscle coordination strategies into concurrent simulations of full body movement and joint mechanics revealed that muscle co-contraction has significant effect on knee cartilage loading during late stance in walking.
The mechanical properties of the calcaneal fat pad have been determined during plantarflexion using synchronised motion analysis and force plate systems. This study showed no significant differences in stiffness measurements between genders with respect to the left and right heels. The application o...
The highest prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among women may be related to sex differences in associated biological factors such as postural biomechanics. The aim was to evaluate if there are sex differences in postures of upper limb, upper back, head and neck during a repetitive task perform...
High variability of gait motor output, such as stride time variability, occurs with aging and is a factor associated with falls in aging males and females. The mechanism is currently unclear but may be clarified by examining motor input variability. Males and females from 20 to 82 years of age compl...
Scaling approach can vary between modellers, which in turn can affect the results of gait analysis. We hypothesised that the use of the MAP Client (developed at the ABI) could reduce the variability between modellers for the same subject motion data. After having multiple scalers use both this tool ...
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the highly cushioned shoe on impact characteristics and kinematics of the lower limbs under fatigue conditions during drop landings. Fifteen male basketball players performed drop landings from 60cm height in pre- and post-fatigue with highly-cu...
Objective: To investigate the effects of different vibration amplitudes combined with the unstable surface from four to eight weeks of training on the single leg balance ability. Methods: Sixteen college gymnasts were randomly assigned to a high-amplitude 4mm group (High) and a low-amplitude 2mm gro...
Common post-mastectomy breast reconstructions require the removal of key shoulder muscles, which can alter shoulder biomechanics and may affect a patient’s ability to perform activities of daily living. However, the extent to which post-reconstruction shoulder biomechanics influences clinical outc...
Free Achilles tendon shape and 3D geometry measured using MRI and 3DUS are similar. 3DUS may be a better alternative to MRI for measuring free Achilles tendon geometry due to faster acquisition time and higher image resolution.
Musculoskeletal models of the hand rarely include contact mechanics, thereby limiting our ability to model hand-object interactions. Here, two common contact models are used to examine finger-tip contact forces. The contact force is sensitive to finger pad size, when using the elastic foundation mod...
The pendulum test has been used to objectively quantify spasticity, but its utility in Parkinsonian rigidity has been studied much less. Our recent simulations suggest that key features of abnormal pendulum test kinematics can be attributed to elevated muscle tone and reflex gain in spastic cerebral...
The purpose of this study was to compare knee joint moments, kinematics and muscle activation between male and female team sport athletes during unanticipated sidestepping to further the understanding of sex-specific differences and their potential influence on anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injur...
Limited research has investigated sex differences in muscle activation, especially in the upper extremity. This study used high-density electromyography to investigate sex differences in activation of the clavicular (PecC) and sternocostal (PecS) regions of the pectoralis major in three different ar...
In this study we evaluated kinematic differences between thirty-one teen (13-18yr) males and females during unanticipated single-leg drop-jump landings. We found that females performed the drop-jumps with less trunk flexion and greater anterior pelvic tilt. These findings indicate a more erect landi...
Traumatic knee injuries often involve cartilage lesions and may lead to post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). One of the signs of PTOA is the loss of fixed charge density (FCD) of proteoglycans in cartilage. Mechanisms to understand local adaptive processes remain unclear. A numerical model was deve...
This study described the short term effects of breast cancer surgery (BCS) on scapula kinematics, perceived pain and shoulder disabilities after two months of upper limb rehabilitation (PT). Five patients received PT in the first week following BCS and were evaluated twice in baseline (B), after a m...
We posit that an age-related shift toward shorter plantarflexor operating lengths functionally limits force generation, and thereby the ability of those muscles to respond to increased propulsive demands during walking. In older subjects, we found a strong and significant positive correlation betwee...
Shoulder mechanical impingement is a possible contributor to shoulder pain in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) who use a manual wheelchair (MWC). Biplane fluoroscopy and model-based tracking were used to measure the subacromial space during daily tasks in MWC users, and impingement risk was...
Understanding the mechanisms underlying human locomotion is a central question in biomechanical and motor control research. In this study, similarities in the modular control structure of different gait forms are examined. Results show for specific coordinative structures (e.g. anterior/ posterior s...
High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is currently planned based only on radiographs obtained during a static standing position. This study aimed to develop a simulation tool to predict changes in the knee adduction moment (KAM) after a HTO based on the pre-operative data and forward dynamic model simulations...
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