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Ankle exoskeleton (exo) optimization typically focusses on steady-state (SS) walking conditions, even though non-steady-state (nSS) walking comprises a large portion of daily locomotion. An improved understanding of how exos impact nSS and SS gait differently may further inform optimal exo design. W...
Inertial measurement units (IMUs) are often used for research purposes in a variety of fields. The aim of this work is to show how these sensors function in line with the basics of rigid body kinematics. Preliminary results of two sensors on the same body demonstrate the sensitivity of acceleration ...
In order to successfully complete a drop snatch squat exercise, athletes must move their body quickly in order to get under the barbell at the appropriate time. This high velocity motion requires the performer to exert large forces. However, athletes must also position themselves accurately in order...
In hip osteoarthritis, pain may limit kinematic variability during gait and thereby concentrate repetitive loads on the hip joint. This exploratory study examined hip kinematic variability according to pain and structural disease severity. We found no evidence to suggest that kinematic variability, ...
Internal knee abduction moments affect mediolateral distribution of tibiofemoral loads and, thus, are likely related to the development of knee osteoarthritis (OA). Four normal weight (NW), overweight (OW), and obese (OB) participants performed gait (G), cycling (C), and elliptical (E) training expe...
Obesity reduces agonist EMG activity during single joint exercises, but the effects of obesity on EMG activity during dynamic activities of daily living are largely unknown. To examine how obesity affects EMG activity during sit-to-stand (STS), an essential daily living task, we measured EMG activit...
Major knee ligament injuries, such as ACL injury, cause long-term neuromuscular dysfunctions and morphological changes. Individuals after ACL reconstruction surgery (ACLR) exhibit quadriceps weakness and decreased force steadiness even months after surgery. The current investigation aimed to examine...
Plenty of patients with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) had a second injury of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), due sensorimotor deficits that remain after the discharge of the patient. The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in knee kinematic and postural sw...
Knee shape is intimately linked to the kinematics of the knee joint. Deep flexion is important for both cultural and recreational activities. However, the relationship between knee shape and kinematics in deep flexion are not well understood. The aim of this study was to examine the association betw...
In vivo large animal experiments are essential where the biological response is imperative to the research question. Such studies may be used to answer fundamental questions about the spine and spinal cord in healthy, diseased and injured states, or for the pre-clinical evaluation of procedures and ...
Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) replaces the damaged compartment of the osteoarthritic knee with less tissue damage and presumably better restoration of the kinematics compared to total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, the outcome depends heavily on the accurate restoration of the mechanic...
Vector coding was applied to examine changes in pelvis-knee coordination during a lateral step-down (LSD) performed at three speeds. Slower task performance led to increased pelvis-knee coupling and may indicate that a slower LSD is more challenging to perform than a faster LSD.
The aim of this study was to identify the kinematic factors during a fastball pitch that are associated with ball velocity (BV) and peak elbow varus moments (PVar) in collegiate baseball pitchers. Fifteen collegiate baseball pitchers underwent 3D motion analysis testing. Correlation and multivariate...
While several types of kinematics have been used to assess unstable sitting control, their contribution to the completion of this task is unknown. The overall goal of this study was to understand the kinematics used to stabilize the trunk in unstable sitting as elicited via a wobble board (WB). The ...
Differences in predicted hip joint center (HJC) locations can affect the calculation of lower body dynamics related to daily living. This research compared kinetic output from models using the Seidel and Harrington HJC predictive methods. In normal healthy adults, there were significant differences ...
Individuals following ACL-Reconstruction (ACLR) often present with signs of persistent muscle weakness. In this study, measures of quadriceps strength and fatigue were compared between individuals following ACLR and healthy active controls. ACLR knees presented with patterns of fatigue resistance co...
Knee flexion and extension muscular force plays an important role in athletic performance as well as joint stability. Generally, women exhibit weaker peak force than men even after the force is normalized to their body weight. However, it is inconclusive whether there are sex differences in force st...
Knee kinetics using participant-specific body segment masses (BSMs) have not been predicted for cycling (C) and elliptical training (E). In this study, participants underwent gait (G), C, and E motion analysis experiments. Kinetics were computed with mass ratios scaled from total body mass (scaled I...
Many methods are used to quantify knee valgus angle (KVA). However, not all angles used to calculate KVA are equivalent. Four methods of calculating KVA were used on twenty-three athletes during a drop jump using a 10-camera motion capture system. The results showed that using a global reference fra...
Two ambulatory individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) received two months of gait training performed in a movement amplification environment. Specifically, during treadmill walking a cable robot applied a continuous lateral force to the pelvis proportional in magnitude and in the same...
Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) leads to complex knee joint translation and rotation differences that are theorized to contribute to the development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). The finite helical axis (FHA) is a powerful approach to describe post-traumatic alterations in...
Novice runners are more prone to knee injury than experienced runners. Knee injuries are related to frontal and transverse plane running kinematics. However, the kinematic differences between experienced runners and new runners have not been completely described. We compared frontal and transverse p...
There is a paucity of research regarding the relationship between fast pitch softball pitching mechanics and pain. Thus, understanding the pitching mechanics of those pitching with and without upper extremity (UE) pain is needed. Inability to efficiently use the kinetic chain to throw a rise ball pi...
Knee abduction moment (KAM) during drop vertical jump (DVJ) and hip abductor strength predict ACL injury prospectively. The purpose of this study was to determine relationships between these risk factors during a dynamic landing task. Kinematics and kinetics, including muscle forces, during DVJ were...
Downhill walking is an inevitable part of daily living and causes higher knee joint loading compared to level walking in young healthy populations. The purpose of this study was to compare knee biomechanics of the replaced limb to the non-replaced limb of TKR patients and healthy controls during wal...
The present study investigated whether performing 10 knee flexor maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs) would attenuate muscle damage induced by maximal eccentric contractions of the same leg. Twenty-four young men performed 100 knee extensor eccentric contractions using the right leg, and...
Dysfunctional postural control is one of the key problems in children with cerebral palsy (CP) which interfere with the activities of daily life [1] and have been suggested to be a major component of gait disorders in CP [2]. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying impairments in po...
The purpose of this study is to investigate differences in frontal plane knee mechanics during drop jump between those with low – (LQ) and high Q-angle (HQ). HQ showed not only increased knee abduction (ABD) angle but reduced knee adduction (ADD) moment through the middle of landing cycle.
Performance on movement screens can change with knowledge of scoring criteria. The Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) is often used to identify high injury-risk biomechanics and athletes. We compared LESS scores and risk categorisation before and after the provision of scoring criteria and informat...
The abrupt lateral translation of the knee during walking, often referred to as varus thrust, has been used as a proxy of medial knee loading in patients with knee osteoarthritis. While attempts have been made to quantify varus thrust using high-speed motion capture or accelerometers, there is littl...
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