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This keynote presentation will kick off this year's Teaching Symposium, a long-standing component of the annual American Society of Biomechanics meeting. This presentation will provide attendees with background on the benefits of engaging learners by integrating active learning techniques (ALTs) int...
Cam femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a common cause of hip injuries, instability, and early joint degeneration. Early surgical intervention attempts to improve hip function, by restoring mobility and alleviating symptoms, but it is unclear how the morphology and capsule influence joint mechanic...
Shoes influence the movement of the foot and lower extremity during running. Stiffer shoes enhance running economy and both the metatarsophalangeal joint and the ankle joint mechanics are suggested as possible pathways for this improvement. However, stiffer shoes will also influence the midfoot kine...
Attending almost two decades of CSB meetings, beginning with CSB 2000 in Montreal after undergrad and more recently as Co-chair for CSB 2018 in Halifax, there are two primary themes that stand out to me and make our society very special. These themes include the wide breadth of world class biomechan...
Wearable head impact sensors have the potential to generate field data that can be used to improve our understanding of concussive brain injury. This study explores some sources of variability that need to be considered when using these data to create injury risk functions, improve safety equipment,...
Recent studies demonstrate that N2A titin binds strongly to actin in vitro in the presence of calcium. This interaction should decrease titin length, increase titin stiffness, and produce a dependence of mechanical behavior on length at the time of activation. These properties are absent in skeletal...
Decades of in vivo exogenous skeletal loading studies have identified numerous loading parameters associated with enhanced osteogenic responses while also revealing signalling pathways essential for mechanostransduction. However, the translation of these insights into effective exercise intervention...
This paper discusses challenges and opportunities for biomechanics researchers who are integrating wearable sensor data with biomechanical modelling or machine learning approaches in the context of understanding injury mechanisms. Example applications include a framework for integrating body worn in...
In vivo muscle biomechanical properties have been classically inferred from inverse dynamics or measurements of joint torque performed using ergometers. These measures provide information about the combined behavior of several structures (e.g., muscles, tendons, nerves, skin) acting around a given j...
A human activity recognition system using wearable sensor data that can detect dance specific activities (jumping and leg lifting tasks) and quality of movement, such as ground reaction force was developed, using a machine learning approach. This system allows for the measurement of specific trainin...
The aim of this paper is to discuss the challenges and possible technological solutions for gait event detections and gait speed quantification in real world scenarios, including controlled, semi-structured and unsupervised conditions.
Joint overloading has been historically implicated in the comorbid association between osteoarthritis (OA) and obesity. However, findings in obese mice and humans strongly suggest that load-independent systemic and joint inflammation are lynchpin drivers of joint degeneration. New evidence suggests ...
Our goal was to estimate the lower limit on the net metabolic cost of transport (MCoT) in human walking. We found the muscle forces of a musculoskeletal model that minimized the total positive muscle fibre work, under the constraint that the net joint torques were equal to those obtained from experi...
In this presentation, Hilary Stellingwerff (2-time Olympian in 1500m) will share her experiences training during and after pregnancy in lead up to the Rio Olympics. She will present and discuss these assessment and changes from an athlete and mother’s perspective and hopefully provide a unique opp...
Running-specific leg prostheses (RSPs) are made of carbon fiber, mimic the spring-like function of tendons, and allow elastic energy storage and return during level-ground steady-speed running; however, unlike biological legs, passive-elastic RSPs cannot generate mechanical power anew, vary stiffnes...
We propose a method to estimate kinematics, kinetics, and muscle forces by tracking inertial sensor data with a musculoskeletal model and a trajectory optimization approach. High correlations with a conventional analysis (optical motion capture and force plate) were achieved for walking and running ...
Gait is emerging as a powerful tool to detect early disease and monitor progression across a number of diseases. Typically quantitative gait assessment has been limited to specialised laboratory facilities. However, measuring gait in home and community settings may provide a more accurate reflection...
Traditionally, sensors used to control powered prostheses have either been incorporated into the residual limb or built into the socket that is worn by the user—no additional instrumentation is required to control the prosthesis. Minimizing instrumentation was viewed as a requirement for clinical ...
We examined the functional role of intramuscular coherence in relation to changes in spatiotemporal gait parameters during split-belt walking adaptation. We found that corticospinal drive measured by intramuscular coherence in the tibialis anterior muscle changed with adaptation, and that increased ...
To investigate how the foot mobility differs between human and African great apes, we compared three-dimensional bone kinematics of cadaver feet under an axial loading using a biplanar X-ray fluoroscopy system. For the visualization and quantification of detailed foot bony movement, a model-based re...
The Concurrent Optimization of Muscle Activations and Kinematics (COMAK) simulation routine to predict knee joint mechanics during movement was implemented in OpenSim. We will present the underlying theory of COMAK and the relevant sensitivity analyses and in vivo validation studies.
Obesity is a risk factor for the development of knee osteoarthritis. While numerous studies have hypothesized that the primary pathological stimulus is increased joint loading resulting from elevated body mass, there are limited data on the effects of obesity on local in vivo strain distributions in...
When forces are exerted on muscle, the different tissues within this structure will deform. Pulling on the insertion of a passive muscle will lengthen the muscle fibers and, hence, the in series arranged sarcomeres and the tendon. Besides at the origin and insertion, forces can also be exerted direc...
For most synovial joints, muscles provide the primary loading. Strong muscles that are working in balanced synergies are associated with joint health, while muscle weakness and muscle imbalance have been associated with joint degeneration often leading to osteoarthritis (OA). Furthermore, early OA h...
Canada has a long standing history of producing an impressive depth and breadth of highly impactful biomechanics research that has influenced and led our field worldwide. Many of these major researchers have relentlessly championed for biomechanics, and demonstrated their commitment to fostering a s...
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a nonpharmacologic and noninvasive treatment commonly used by health care professionals as an adjunct treatment for both acute and chronic pain, arising from a variety of painful conditions. This presentation aims to offer a simple overview of th...
This presents the capabilities and recent features of ArtiSynth (www.artisynth.org), a free, open source 3D modeling system developed at the University of British Columbia to support combined multibody and finite element (FEM) simulation. It provides a large selection of modeling components together...
Determining weights among terms in the cost function for walking was formulated as a bilevel optimization problem (BLO). The direct collocation (DC) method effectively solved the lower level problem, making it practical to solve the BLO using a nested evolutionary approach.
This presentation follows up the keynote presentation of the Teaching Symposium, which highlighted the benefits of engaging students in the classroom through the use of active learning techniques. In this presentation, we focus on the “Jigsaw” technique and share one easily adaptable classroom a...
Wearable inertial sensors enable the measurement of human movement in non-laboratory environments. Because many sports movements cannot be accurately replicated inside a laboratory, inertial sensors (also known as inertial measurement units or IMUs) are one of the best tools for quantifying some of ...
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