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The purpose of this study was to develop and validate soft and rigid tissue mass prediction equations for the thigh, leg, and leg-foot segments of living older adults. Comprehensive anthropometric measurements were used to develop the prediction equations using multiple linear regression. Actual low...
We tested whether optical flow perturbations in walking can detect preclinical balance impairment in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Compared to age-matched controls, PwMS had higher and more pervasive gait variability in the presence of perturbations. Thus, optical flow perturbations may det...
Compliant fingers are essential for fine manipulation. Like a slender column, a compliant finger is prone to buckle when exerting fingertip forces. But, healthy human fingers rarely buckle. So, we investigated how the neuromuscular system stabilizes finger contacts. Stability may be a by-product of ...
Post-traumatic osteoarthritis (OA) is especially common in the trochlear cartilage of the patellofermoral (PF) joint after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). The effect of walking mechanics on OA after ACLR is established in the tibiofemoral joint, but not in the PF joint. Our purpose...
Surrogate measures of medial joint loading during walking are related to structural progression of knee osteoarthritis (OA). As muscle forces contribute to joint loading, muscle activation may influence OA disease course. Increased muscle co-contraction has been identified in individuals with knee i...
Effective prosthetic socket design following lower-limb amputation depends upon the accurate characterization of the residuum shape and volume fluctuations. This study proposes a novel framework for measuring and analyzing residuum shape and deformation, using a high-resolution low-cost system. A mu...
People reach with smooth hand trajectories, which are thought to facilitate accuracy [1]. Smoothness predicts trajectories well, but appears incompatible with physiological criteria such as metabolic cost, whose known contributors tend to predict overly jerky movements. This incompatibility might be...
Sit-stand desks (SSD’s) are increasing in popularity, however many people are standing intolerant (SI) due to low back pain (LBP) and this may be a barrier for use. People with LBP have fewer weight shifts in standing compared with more active standing in healthy people. Sedentary office workers, ...
This study aimed to look for the effect on posture control function of leg immersion prior to standstill standing position in healthy young Japanese female (n=12). Postural sway was evaluated by means of tracing fluctuation of COP (center of pressure) in pre and post lower legs-bathing with tap-wate...
The human foot arch has been suggested to store and release elastic energy during locomotion. However, experimental evidence for this assumption during jumping is missing. Thus, the relationship between the maximum deformation of the arch and jump height during countermovement jumps was investigated...
Disuse induced by botulinum toxin indicates that tendon remodeling during growth is different from that in skeletally mature animals.
In this study, we determined the relationship between muscle architecture and peak torque and total work produced by the plantarflexors during maximal effort isokinetic contractions. We measured resting fascicle length and pennation angle and calculated muscle thickness in the medial gastrocnemius u...
When walking function is impaired post-stroke, the number of paretic leg muscle synergies is often reduced. However, it is unknown whether this reduction is the primary cause of impairment. In this study, we used direct collocation optimal control to generate two walking predictions using a reduced ...
Task goals for walking like “stay on your path”, “keep moving forward”, and “maintain step width” are highly intuitive. However, these different individual goals cannot be enacted simultaneously. Instead, humans choose multi-objective options that balance multiple goals across multiple c...
Walking independence is an important component of the elderly’s quality of life. Losses in muscle mass may impair mobility and reduce independence. Here we determined whether lower limb muscles’ thickness relates to and is able to explain the gait performance. Fifteen older individuals participa...
Objective: To investigate the effects of different vibration amplitudes combined with the unstable surface from four to eight weeks of training on the single leg balance ability. Methods: Sixteen college gymnasts were randomly assigned to a high-amplitude 4mm group (High) and a low-amplitude 2mm gro...
The average energy consumption of children with cerebral palsy (CP) during walking is over two times that of typically-developing (TD) children. Spasticity is often theorized to contribute to this increased energy. We retrospectively analyzed energy consumption of individuals who underwent surgical ...
In order to better understand the biomechanics of stumbling and inform fall prevention strategies, seven individuals were tripped at a range of different times during leg swing. Kinematics and kinetics of their recoveries were analyzed. We identified the region in swing phase that elicited the most ...
This study investigated whether prolonged and repetitive exercise stiffens the plantar soft tissue. Healthy early twenties female subjects with similar BMI but different majors (13 engineers and 13 ballerinas) were recruited. The plantar tissue thickness, peak pressure and force and pressure distrib...
Examining how different kinds of in-game special visual effects influence the performance of music game players. According to the results, the brightness of effects influenced more than the size of effects, and the influence could be reduced by promoting proficiency.
This study aimed to develop a model to predict ice hockey shot puck trajectory based on the initial puck launch vectors and aerodynamic variables. Using motion capture data collected from wrist and slap shots executed within an ice arena, a puck’s position and orientation was tracked from release ...
Owning to sufficient stiffness at room temperature, rapid shape memory ability when exposed to body temperature, in vivo stability and soft nature to matching the mechanical properties of soft tissue, poly(glycerol-dodecanoate) (PGD) is a promising biodegradable polymer which could be applied as sof...
Diabetic neuropathy is one of the most common complications associated with progression of diabetes. Several approaches have been used in an attempt to predict the onset of neuropathy, peak pressure notwithstanding. Yet, prediction of this complication remains elusive. We sought to broaden the appro...
Plantar pressure during gait and plantar fascia shear modulus were assessed in participants with plantar fasciitis and active pain, and participants with a history of plantar fasciitis, but no current pain. There were moderate relationships between plantar pressure under the 1st MH and shear modulus...
Patellar tendon and hamstring tendon grafts are two most common grafts in ACL reconstruction. Biomechanical differences of the knee function following ACL reconstruction with these grafts are still unclear. This study found some differences in sagittal plane kinetics during stair climbing.
Shoulder mechanical impingement is a possible contributor to shoulder pain in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) who use a manual wheelchair (MWC). Biplane fluoroscopy and model-based tracking were used to measure the subacromial space during daily tasks in MWC users, and impingement risk was...
Experiments have shown that humans walking on a treadmill strongly prioritize speed regulation from one stride to the next. Why this is so and what implications, if any, this has for fall risk is an open question. Here, we study the relationship between task-level regulation and global stability in ...
Diabetes is a worldwide epidemic that often results in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). DPN may lead to reduced plantar pressure variability, and this lower variability may cause localized tissue loading and subsequent foot ulceration. The purpose of this study was to use anesthetize the planta...
Indoor rock-climbing falls onto padded and unpadded surfaces are a common source of injuries. This research provides experimental data quantifying the effects of foam thickness and impact velocity in padded falls onto the buttocks using human volunteers and an anthropomorphic test device (ATD).
NBD expanded internationally from the US to 16 countries in 3 years to increase Biomechanics’ societal impact. Here we describe our rapid growth through the events in 5 nations for the purpose of showing others how they can participate in this worldwide celebration of Biomechanics.
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