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Arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) after ACL reconstruction is a result from neural inhibition and quadriceps muscle atrophy. Asymmetrical quadriceps muscle strength has also been reported after ACLR and is associated with altered biomechanics during dynamic movement tasks. It is currently unknown ...
Mechanical properties of organ-cultured rat tail intervertebral discs were characterized across the entire range of axial tension-compression. Rather than assuming the shape of the axial force-deformation curve, the stiffness-deformation relationship was assumed to follow a double logistic (U-Shaped...
For femur fracture, patients’ fracture is treated through osteosynthesis using a femur fracture fixation plate and screws. Since screws in surgery are directly fixed in the bone, however, local damage tends to occur in the bone. As screw holes remain in removing the screws after synostosis, there ...
The aim of this study was to establish the relationship between asymmetries in muscle strength, activation, and joint kinetics during running. Between-limb differences in peak sagittal plane ankle and knee joint moments during running, isometric plantarflexor and knee extensor strength at three knee...
Several fundamental differences in shooting posture and biomechanics were identified between expert and novice marksmen. The findings provide a foundation to begin modifying training interventions which may help accelerate performance optimization for marksmen.
This study characterized macroscopic cortical bone material properties and porosity in severe osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Specimens were from long bone diaphyses of three children with severe OI and five controls of typically developing pediatric bone. They were machined into miniature beams, imag...
Reinforcement learning (RL) can be used to optimise motion with respect to important biomechanical variables by searching over the space of kinematics and muscle excitations in predictive simulation. We used kinematic data obtained from patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis (OA) of the kne...
Patient adherence with offloading removable cast walkers (RCW) is a challenge and self-reported concern with postural stability has been shown to be predictive of non-adherence. This study investigated whether a short RCW paired with a contralateral shoe lift might improve stability relative to a tr...
Greater shoe midsole bending stiffness has been shown to improve jump height during single leg maximal jumping, however, this improved performance may come at the cost of increased Achilles tendon (AT) injury risk from greater AT strain. We calculated participant-specific AT strain during maximal co...
The results when managing displaced humeral greater tuberosity fractures through conservative means are often disappointing. This biomechanical study, using porcine models, compares fixation of these fractures with locking plate, bridging suture and two-screws to determine which is the strongest, an...
This study investigates how material properties of the pelvic bone are impacted by the presence of a cancerous tumor. Orthopaedic Oncologists are often faced with the challenging decision of knowing how much surrounding bone should be resected when extracting a tumor. Conservative estimations of how...
The purpose of this study was to determine if alternative functional performance tests are able to detect between limb differences following ACL-R. Participants performed a chair to box test, lateral hurdle hop, single leg forward hop, and 30 second side hop test. The involved limb relative to the u...
The vocal fold lamina propria plays an important role in human voice production and control. The lamina propria is often divided into the superficial, intermediate, and deep layers, with each layer of distinct mechanical properties. This layer-wise distinction in mechanical properties is generally c...
According to the World Health Organization, the North American population has the highest incidence of hip joint osteoarthritis (OA). Gait limitations are commonly observed in the context of hip OA. This study aimed at assessing the effect of an intra-articular (IA) injection of hyaluronic acid (HA)...
Biomechanical interfaces can be improved by virtual prototyping, allowing an accurate prediction and optimization of subject-specific socket-skin pressure distribution. In this work we present a comparison between two different modelling approaches for socket prototyping of a transtibial amputee. Th...
This study aimed to compare the upper body angular motion in different genders. Thirty healthy subjects participated in this study. Subjects walked on a level surface with tri-axial gyro-sensors attached at four locations on the back of body (pelvis, T10, C7, and head). Men generally had smaller ang...
Personalisation is crucial in neuromusculoskeletal (NMSK) modelling, especially in understanding neuromuscular disorders, such as cerebral palsy. Nonetheless, commonly used NMSK models rely on scaled generic musculoskeletal anatomies and optimisation algorithms to solve for muscle forces. Consequent...
The subtalar joint was locked and unlocked in a dynamic musculoskeletal model of running in participants with varus and valgus knees. There were significant differences in the contact forces in the ankle and knee contact forces. There were no differences found between participants with varus and val...
The purpose of this study was to investigate what the effect is of prioritizing kicking velocity or accuracy upon kinematics and kicking performance in soccer. 13 male soccer players performed penalty-kicks with prioritising velocity or accuracy. 3D kinematics, together with maximal ball velocity an...
During the arthroscopic operation, an assistant is often required to assist the surgeon to hold the arthroscope. Hand tremor of the assistant and the cooperation of the passive movement will affect the arthroscopic field image and affect the judgment and efficiency of the surgery. In this study, a p...
The change of the trabeculae is continuously changed by external stimulus and environment which is mechanoelectrical biosignal, since the bone fluid shear stress and flow induced by the trabeculae deformation stimulate the osteocytes for the bone modeling. The bone fluid flow is generated by mechani...
This study used a finite element (FE) model to determine the spinal loads, and stress distribution in the intervertebral discs (IVDs) of an adult trunk with intact, as well as with the unilaterally weakened muscles under the equivalent loading condition, as an alternative to in vivo loading conditio...
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disease characterized by muscle degeneration and fibrosis, often leading to respiratory failure. Diaphragm sections from mdx and healthy mice were biaxially tested to determine passive properties before and after enzymatic collagen digestion. We found t...
A novel testing system was developed to evaluate the mechanical characteristics of shoes in the same laboratory where biomechanical data are to be collected. Compressed height, change in height with compression, and initial and late stiffness were compared between left and right shoes for 10 pairs o...
The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in muscles activation while pedaling a stationary recumbent bicycle forward versus backward. Surface Electromyography (sEMG) was used on the tibialis anterior (tib), vastus lateralis (vas), gastrocnemius lateral head (gas), and biceps femori...
This study employed a novel, micro-grooved finite element model to characterize the contact mechanics at the total hip head-neck modular taper junction during implant assembly under different conical angles and head taper surface topography. Modeling the head taper as an idealized “flat” surface...
The 3D shoulder kinematics of 11 male volleyball players was compared at specific humerothoracic elevation angles (15º, 45º, 60º, 75º and 90º) in a) constrained arm elevation movement (in the scapular plane or scaption) and b) functional arm elevation movement (proprioceptive neuromuscular faci...
Understanding changes in muscle synergies and joint moments when changing from normal walking to running is an important aspect of rehabilitation. This study performed a comparison of joint moments and muscle synergies for three activities viz. walking, fast walking, and running. Gait data was colle...
A 12-week gait retraining program reduced muscle activities of the TA, LG, and MG under certain conditions, regardless of shoes. These findings may indicate that reduced muscle activity caused by or related to gait retraining presumably have an influence on energy consumption, which may further impr...
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