Abstract Archive

Hand and wrist anatomy and biomechanics are among the most complex in the musculoskeletal system. Optimal function requires exacting interplay between several uniquely shaped and interdependent bones, articular surfaces, intrinsic and extrinsic ligaments and myotendinous units. Conditions that affec...

This work presents the kinematics and dynamics results from a motion capture study that collected head and helmet motions of 12 subjects. The (translational and rotational) motions of the helmet relative to the head were obtained from the inverse kinematics analyses. Inverse dynamics analyses were p...

Bone healing and (re)modelling depends on the interaction of mechanical loading with molecular processes. Multimodal imaging technology is needed to better understand these interactions, which could play a key role in novel treatments and therapies. We have developed an improved local in vivo enviro...

The aim of this study is to determine which functional exercises (n=9) shows the largest difference in calculated hip and knee contact force (CF) between hip/knee OA patient groups and the healthy controls (HC). The exercises consisted of level walking, ascending and descending stairs, forward lunge...

Musculoskeletal models of a person with a unilateral transtibial amputation were developed to investigate hip joint contact force (HJCF) during running using running-specific and daily-use prostheses. Peak HJCF was greater in the intact leg compared to the amputated leg for both types of prostheses....

Muscles exhibit history-dependence where forces in response to stretch are higher if muscle is isometric prior to stretch. This short-range stiffness is critical for generating the initial stabilizing torques reactive balance after perturbations, before sensorimotor muscle responses occur. Moreover,...

Five sprinters with unilateral transtibial amputations (TTAs) ran on a treadmill from 3-7 m/s using running-specific prostheses (RSPs) with three different stiffness categories. Sprinters’ step frequency symmetry was not affected by running speed or RSP stiffness. However, sprinters’ contact tim...

Kangaroo rats use vertical leaps to outjump predators. To investigate how these animals achieve higher jumps, we used sonomicrometry (SONO) and electromyography (EMG) techniques in the vastus lateralis (VL) muscle, a large knee extensor, and lateral gastrocnemius (LG) muscle, a large ankle extensor,...

Incorporating realistic skeletal kinematics and tissue property data into musculoskeletal models can improve the accuracy of mechanical load estimates. However, inclusion of subject-specific skeletal kinematics in vivo in the models may heighten the demand on the quality of tissue property input dat...

Regular papers should present novel perspectives within the general scope of the conference. Short papers (Work-in-Progress) are an opportunity to present preliminary or interim results. Posters are intended for ongoing research projects, concrete realizations, or industrial applications/projects pr...

The normative description of sit-to-stand (STS) enables biomechanists to objectively analyze this motion and to compare healthy and pathological patterns of movement against a common definition. When the participants in our study performed STS, they demonstrated the phases of STS but their timing di...

This study examined the association between knee joint contact forces during gait and 3-year radiographic knee osteoarthritis progression. An EMG-driven model was used to obtain muscle and knee joint medial and lateral contact forces for 16 individuals with knee OA at baseline. Our results demonstra...

Excessive hip adduction and knee valgus are common movement impairments that underlie various lower-limb injuries in runners. The purpose of the current study was to determine the associations among frontal plane hip and knee kinematics during running, hip abductor strength, and pelvis width. Result...

This study aimed to identify differences in contact force pathways at the interface between the acetabular cup and femoral head. We have observed different locations of peak contact forces for different activities of daily living, which could lead to different wear rates in patients depending on act...

Soldiers perform physically demanding tasks that predispose them to an elevated risk of musculoskeletal injury (MSKI). Understanding joint loading during commonly performed tasks, e.g., load carriage, may improve MSKI prevention efforts, yet current research is limited. Using EMG-informed neuromuscu...

Virtual reality (VR) is currently increasing in popularity as a medium for motor skill training, particularly in the areas of occupational skills and motor rehabilitation. However, there is still debate as to how well motor skills learned in a virtual environment transfer to the real world due to pe...

Misalignment between optimal lengths of individual muscles will affect the force-length (F-L) properties of a group of muscles acting synergistically at a joint. This misalignment can arise from differences in the properties of the muscles and of their tendons. To show how misalignment affects the g...

Current clinical criteria for identifying bone cancer patients at high risk of fracture are not solid and comprehensive, which in many occasions result in unnecessary prophylactic stabilization. The goal of this study was to develop a validated biomechanical tool to assess bone strength, as the key ...

Low back pain (LBP) is often researched from isolated points of view, but real advancements in understanding require multidisciplinary perspectives. Biomechanics is an essential element of this, but requires careful integration with other disciplines. Here I highlight the utility of this approach an...

The energetic cost of transport for running decreases directly with gravity level, while walking cost is only modestly affected [1]. Speed has the opposite effect: increasing walking speed results in increased cost of transport while that of running is relatively insensitive (power increases but cos...

Heel pad can absorb shock during gait as heel pad can dissipate the energy. According to the researches, the stiffer heel pad has the elevated energy dissipation. In this study, the heel pad stiffness variation was measured as the distributed force on the heel pad was increasing. As a result, the he...

We have previously shown that volumetric imaging of native intervertebral disc (IVD) is possible using synchrotron x-ray microtomography (sCT) [1]. Subsequently, we have imaged an intact disc under sequential compression for structural deformation characterisation and strain measurement. Our latest ...

Soldiers routinely conduct load-carriage and associated physical training that elicits high physical demands and are believed to be the primary cause of musculoskeletal injury. Appropriately designed physical training can help mitigate injury risks. This study aimed to assess changes in lower-limb j...

Knowledge of effective control strategies for reducing the metabolic cost of walking with active exoskeletons is limited. Here, we used a hip exoskeleton emulator to assess how stiffness and reference angle of a simplified impedance controller influence metabolic cost. In general, impedance paramete...

In this study, hip torques in the transverse plane were analysed during the side-walk exercise with elastic resistance. Besides showing that the resistance offered by the elastic band does not seem to agree with commonly set goals of hip rehabilitation, our results show that torque outputs and and t...

The probe's objectives included flybys ofJupiter,Saturn, and Saturn's largest moon,Titan. While the spacecraft's course could have been altered to include aPlutoencounter by forgoing the Titan flyby, exploration of the moon, which was known to have a substantial atmosphere, took priority.[5][6][7]Vo...

People with ankle osteoarthritis (AOA) often seek surgical treatment to ease pain and restore function, and recent research has yielded relatively equal outcomes between the two primary options: ankle fusion (FUS) and total ankle replacement (TAR). One factor missing is the effect footwear has on bi...

Dr. Selinger’s research combines a big data approach with controlled lab experiments, and computational models of learning to study motor learning and optimization in human locomotion. Here she will discuss her recent work focused on how the nervous system discovers and learns energetically optima...

A computational model was developed to simulate hopping at different gravity levels. The hopping frequencies that minimized energetic cost at each gravity level were determined. Even though the optimal frequency was not expected to change with gravity, we observed that lower gravity levels had lower...

In this study we compare common neuromechanical proxies for effort to the metabolic cost of reaching. We present a biomechanically accurate neuromuscular model of the arm, developed to estimate effort costs through measured metabolic cost in eight subjects making arm reaching movements. Neural drive...