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We examined the effects of the ankle and metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint angles on the length, thickness and stiffness of the human plantar fascia (PF) using magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound shear wave elastography. We revealed that the ankle and MTP joint angles affected the length of PF, ...
Traumatic brain injuries have known negative effects on individuals. Brain morphometry plays a role in the degree of deformation of tissue under impact conditions. Two elastomer phantoms, one with true brain morphometric representation and the other with no morphometry, were subjected to the same lo...
Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) fills the gap between the skull and brain. As CSF is 99% water, which has a small tensile strength. When human head is exposed to blast waves, the intracranial pressure may easily exceed the tensile strength of CSF. In such cases, the stiffness of CSF layer is reduced to ...
Acceleration-based exercise (e.g. running, jumping) during growth in an avian model increases bone strength, and influences bone shape in a way that is suggestive of larger Achilles tendon moment arms.
An effective technique is essential to stabilize the patella in subjects with tight iliotibial band (ITB). The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of ITB stretching in the modified Thomas test position on ITB flexibility, lateral patellar translation, and vastus medialis oblique (VMO)...
Underrepresented high school students in the STEM fields received interest-tailored lectures on biomechanics during a 5-week summer program. Changes in student engagement and performance between interest-tailored and generic lectures was assessed. Interest-tailored lectures showed an increase in lec...
Load carriage running (LCR) is a common activity for military personnel and is associated with a high incidence of tibial stress fracture (TSF). Select biomechanical variables have been linked to TSF but the effect of LCR on these variables is unknown. In this study, we observed higher loading rates...
While several biomechanical factors have been identified as key determinants of running economy (i.e. metabolic cost) [1], the influence of individual mechanical factors such as center of mass (CoM) vertical motion remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine how manipulating CoM vert...
Stride time variability in gait is a factor associated with falls in aging adults, especially in females. This sex difference in aging may originate from differences in motor output variability at individual joints. We analysed sagittal plane ankle, knee, and hip joint angles in gait from a large sa...
Twenty-one CPR-certified participants performed six-minutes of CPR on a training manikin in four positions. Electromyography (EMG) of nine muscles, kinematics of the training manikin, and kinetic data at the hands of the rescuer were collected. There was no difference in the rate of decrease of ches...
Longitudinal assessment of gait stability in populations with a higher risk of falling may enable novel fall prevention efforts. This study investigated the reliability of characterizing walking under different cognitive loads using gait stability measures. Within- and between-day reliability of sho...
Shin splints are common in high-arched runners, which may be related to rear-foot over-supination during toe-off caused by forefoot eversion. It was reported that the forefoot lateral wedge insole could decrease the supination angle of the rear-foot during toe-off. The purpose of this study was to c...
This study investigated effects of game-play on elite under 20-year-old basketball players’ hamstring and adductor muscle forces during an anticipated cut task. These muscle forces decreased post-game in 40-80% of participants, which has been previously linked to destabilization of the knee and in...
Q-Factor (QF) refers to the frontal-plane inter-pedal distance of a bicycle or cycle ergometer. The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of increasing QF on frontal plane knee biomechanics during cycling.
We tested the efficacy of real-time biofeedback to augment peak knee extensor moment (KEM) during walking, an outcome relevant to the development of posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA) following knee injury. Subjects averaged changes in peak KEM up to +62% and -57% of normal values, with concomitant...
Load carriage is an essential component of combat operations sometimes requiring warfighters to maintain a walking gait (forced march) at a velocity beyond the normal gait transition point. Little is known about the biomechanical consequences of forced marching on lower extremity kinematics for fema...
Hamstring strain injuries are the most common injuries in soccer. The biceps femoris long head muscle (BFLH) is injured most frequently among the bilateral hamstring muscles. Some previous studies reported that the relationships between hamstring strain injuries and the hamstring muscle architecture...
This study investigated the effect of passive exoskeleton use on shoulder torque control in an intermittent shoulder-loading task. Sixteen participants completed 15 30-sec cycles of intermittent, isometric shoulder contraction at 90º both in the sagittal and scapular planes, with a 50% duty cycle a...
This study evaluated the lifting kinematics and muscle activation for an occupational lifting task before and after a three-hour simulated driving task. No changes in upper body lifting kinematics were found however, there were significant differences in maximum and mean percent muscle activation le...
The aim of the study was to investigate effects of bilateral subthalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS) on lower limb kinematics during sit-to-stand (STS) in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD). Each patient performed STS in a standard gait lab and kinematic analysis were conducted. Result...
Postural control deficits have been shown to exist up to one month following concussion. Although post-concussion postural control deficits have been studied extensively, less is known regarding the effects of participation in contact sports, characterized by repetitive head impacts (RHI), has on po...
With the cyclical changes of the menstrual cycle, women undergo several changes, such as mood, body mass, temperature, postural control and even muscle strength. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the menstrual period, when the female hormones are lower, and chan...
We report frontal plane knee and ankle angulations from a study of incremental lateral wedging on joint biomechanics during walking. Trends of increasing ankle eversion were apparent in higher speed walking, whereas knee joint angular changes were of smaller magnitude with only a slight trend toward...
Lateral instability of ankle has been shown to be associated with various pathological conditions of ligaments and cartilage. The purpose of the current study was to compare the variations of repeated motions of the ankle joint complex in healthy individuals and patients with lateral ankle instabili...
How localized fatigue at different muscles affects whole-body coordination during a repetitive task is poorly understood. We studied 17 participants who completed a repetitive task before and after fatigue was induced at either shoulder, elbow or lower back. Results show that fatigue location differ...
Turning, especially in postural dual task conditions, is a challenging daily routine for older adults. The purpose of this study is to investigate the postural control of healthy older adults under postural dual task conditions during turning. A total of 13 healthy older adult were recruited form th...
Stability of motor behavior reduces when anticipating or initiating a state change. We explore the effect of anticipated movement and recent history of movement on the stability of the current manual state in a finger-force-production paradigm. We found that stability is reduced in anticipation of s...
We determined how use of a pediatric prosthetic foot affects 3D hip kinematics in toddlers with transtibial amputations (TTAs). We compared 3D hip joint kinematics in the affected leg (AL) of toddlers with a TTA using a standard prosthetic foot to their unaffected leg (UL) and to both legs of non-am...
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