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The objective of this study was to determine the number of runs needed to establish a stable running pattern during level, downhill, and uphill running conditions. Using a single, commercially available wearable sensor biomechanical data were collected from 35 runners completing 7 separate runs in v...
3.8 million sports and recreational activity related concussions are estimated to occur in the United States Each year, with many occurring in American Football. Reducing concussion in Football is a priority with significant challenges, but with several methods currently under investigation. This si...
Labral tears in developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) may be related to abnormal loads at the acetabular edge. Thus, quantifying in-vivo edge loads can help us clarify the reasons for labral tears. Using image-based musculoskeletal models (MSM), we developed new analyses to project hip joint reac...
Ankle sprains occur at a high rate in high school football. Three-dimensional analyses of football related tasks were performed in players with and without history of ankle sprain. Playing position influenced the magnitude of inversion load that football players with a history of ankle sprain exhibi...
Gait modification provides a promising method for the treatment of medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). Although gait modifications have been identified to lower the knee adduction moment (KAM), the potential effect on the medial contact force (MCF) are unclear. This study aims at evaluating the effect ...
This study uses a previously validated computer simulation (finite element model - FEM) of a healthy rhesus macaque to test the effect of fracture repair implants (plates and screws) on bending and deformation (stress/strain) in the mandible (lower jaw) during chewing. The results of our FEM provide...
Previous models of articular cartilage permeability were successful in demonstrating the effect of the collagen fibres on the anisotropy of the permeability, but could not reproduce some experimental results under large deformations. The proposed model, which accounts not only for fibre reorientatio...
Arterial wall motion was analysed in the atherosclerotic plaque models to study the effect of wall tissue viscoelasticity and lipid core stiffness on wall displacement waveforms. A typical slice of the patient’s IVUS data was modelled, and the anisotropic and viscoelastic behaviour of tissue was c...
Quadriceps muscular strength weakness is commonly observed in individuals following ACL injury (ACLI). However, it is inconclusive whether force steadiness is worse in ACLI individuals. Twenty-four subjects with ACLI (54.9 days prior to testing) and 25 control subjects (CONTROL) completed the maxima...
Patient adherence with offloading removable cast walkers (RCW) is a challenge and self-reported concern with postural stability has been shown to be predictive of non-adherence. This study investigated whether a short RCW paired with a contralateral shoe lift might improve stability relative to a tr...
The aim of this study was to explore the effects of rear-foot strike running with cushioning running shoes on the muscles strength of longitudinal arch. We recruited 9 rear-foot strike runners (wearing the cushioning shoes during running) and 9 non-running people to test the metatarsophalangeal join...
Noncontact ACL injuries occur during dynamic movements, and females are more than twice as likely to have an ACL injury compared to males. Decision-making tasks have shown altered knee mechanics and may better represent game-like scenarios in the lab. However, it is unknown if the unanticipated stim...
Trunk and pelvic segments predominantly move in-phase with one another during trunk flexion and extension. No differences are observed with advancing age in the coordination patterns and coupling angles. Rehabilitation and training prescriptions should be based on healthy segmental coordination for ...
A pronated foot posture has been associated with overuse running injuries. To manage symptoms, foot orthoses have been widely used in symptomatic runners with a pronated foot posture. This study examined the immediate effects of foot orthoses with forefoot corrections on forefoot kinematics during r...
Understanding changes in muscle synergies and joint moments when changing from normal walking to running is an important aspect of rehabilitation. This study performed a comparison of joint moments and muscle synergies for three activities viz. walking, fast walking, and running. Gait data was colle...
Greater shoe midsole bending stiffness has been shown to improve jump height during single leg maximal jumping, however, this improved performance may come at the cost of increased Achilles tendon (AT) injury risk from greater AT strain. We calculated participant-specific AT strain during maximal co...
Effect of surface profile of a Co-28Cr-6Mo alloy (ASTM F-75) disc on wear behavior of an ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (GUR1050) pin was investigated by using a pin-on-disc wear testing machine with multi-directional pathways. The surface of a Co-28Cr-6Mo alloy disc had a waviness curve f...
A 12-week gait retraining program reduced muscle activities of the TA, LG, and MG under certain conditions, regardless of shoes. These findings may indicate that reduced muscle activity caused by or related to gait retraining presumably have an influence on energy consumption, which may further impr...
We examined effects of two murine models of altered loading on postnatal muscle development in the glenohumeral joint. Forearm amputation via elbow disarticulation resulted in decreased muscle mass and optimal length, consistent with previous altered hindlimb loading models.
While the overall incidence rate for injuries in skiing has been found to be decreasing in recent years, evidence has shown that severe injuries to the spine and spinal cord have increased. The presented review of the current literature highlights the lack of evidence regarding the efficacy of back ...
Maturation has been reported as a predictor of injury in physically active adolescents. Asymmetry is commonly associated with pathology and has been reported in adolescent runners. Uninjured adolescent distance runners were stratified by maturity and side-to-side limb symmetry was measured during se...
Muscular power depends on force-velocity, activation, and deactivation characteristics, all of which adapt to training. Resistance training programs intended to improve power have produced mixed results. We used previously reported data from heavy and explosive training programs [1,2] to modify musc...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between ankle proprioceptive sensory level and balance ability. Healthy ten volunteers participated in this study. Force sense of the proprioception was evaluated using electromyogram (EMG) on the Tibialis anterior (TA) and Gastrocnemius l...
This study quantified how rigid foot plates of different length altered individual foot segment kinematics during walking. The foot plates impacted most segment ranges of motion. The greatest changes were seen for toe and forefoot dorsiflexion.
We determined the effects of loss of balance direction and postural perturbation on the perturbation threshold line for lean releases, lean releases with surface translations and surface translations in younger adults, not only for forward but also for the first time for sideways and backward losses...
The complex loading that occurs at the residual limb- prosthetic socket interface of a person with an amputation can affect comfort and skin integrity [1]. This study assessed the effect of providing interface pressure measurements to clinicians during the design and fabrication of prosthetic socket...
This study examined the effect of varying step frequency on joint moments during walking and running in four healthy young runners using an instrumented three-dimensional (3D) gait analysis. Overall, the results suggest that faster step frequencies, as adopted by older individuals, result in greater...
The medial longitudinal arch (MLA) plays a major role in transferring forces through the foot and to the body. Foot exercises can help the MLA structure in different moments of the stance phase.
This study investigated effects of game-play on elite under 20-year-old basketball players’ hamstring and adductor muscle forces during an anticipated cut task. These muscle forces decreased post-game in 40-80% of participants, which has been previously linked to destabilization of the knee and in...
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