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Nowadays, females commonly perform Military combat roles that were once exclusively performed by males. Given the strength differences between the sexes, it is important to understand if females adapt differently to physical training, which may necessitate sex-specific training programs. This study ...
Findings from the present study suggest that moderately graded running can increase caloric expenditure without increasing cumulative patellofemoral joint loading compared to slow level ground running. Given that burning calories is the primary goal for many recreational runners, this suggests that ...
Chiari type I malformations (Chiari I) are congenital deformities characterized by migration of the cerebellar tonsils through the foramen magnum. The condition is associated with headaches, chronic fatigue syndrome, orthostatic intolerance, and other neurologic syndromes. Despite patients’ descri...
We investigated changes in joint mechanics and metabolic rate due to walking with the trunk inclined at different angles. Participants walked with trunk angles from -15 to +60 deg. Metabolic rate increased with both forward and backward trunk angle, confirming that people habitually walk near the me...
We explored median nerve (MN) deformation and displacement during forceful gripping to better understand injury mechanisms underlying work-related carpal tunnel syndrome. 12 participants performed a chuck grip in 3 wrist positions (15° radial deviation, 0° neutral, 30° ulnar deviation) and 2 forc...
The metabolic cost of walking is amenable to empirical curve fits, such as the increasing speed-related cost. A typical fit is derived from walking with preferred step parameters (self-selected step length and step frequency), but cannot generalize to other step parameter combinations. Mechanistic m...
Reduced standing stability typically decreases soleus Hoffmann (H-) reflex amplitude, purportedly to prevent the Ia signal from excessively activating spinal motor neurons. H-reflex measures exclude the variably sensitive spindle. Tendon tap (T-) reflex measures, including the spindle, could provide...
We measured the recruitment threshold and discharge rate of m. flexor hallucis brevis (FHB) motor units during a maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) using indwelling fine-wire electrodes. We observed motor unit recruitment across a wide range of isometric forces as well as across a wide range of fir...
There is a gap between the understanding of the mechanisms of sporting injury and the ability to monitor these risk parameters during a game. A single-sensor wearable solution which could be used in lieu of captive laboratory biomechanical instrumentation would be a breakthrough for accurate and val...
Amputation severely disrupts muscles remaining at the end of the residual limb. We performed a pilot study to determine the effect of amputation on residual muscle architecture. We surgically amputated one hind paw in two rabbits. At two weeks post-surgery, we euthanized the rabbits, fixed both hind...
154 people with chronic low back pain (CLBP) were recruited for a baseline data collection, as a part of a randomized, controlled clinical trial. All participants completed the Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NRS), modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (MODQ), clinical tests of maximum flexed and ex...
Although subjects with recurrent low back pain (LBP) demonstrate altered trunk control, the kinematic and kinetic responses of the trunk have not been carefully investigated. This study was conducted to compare the standing time, spine range of motion, and dynamic postural steadiness index based on ...
Inertial measurement units (IMUs) provide an alternative to traditional data collection methods such as motion capture and force plates which can only be used in limited environments and populations. IMUs also enable the collection of more genuine movement patterns in a natural environment outside t...
The Intrepid Dynamic Exoskeletal Orthosis (IDEO) is a custom-made carbon fiber orthosis, typically prescribed to patients who experience pain or deficits in strength and range of motion in the foot or ankle joints. The use of the IDEO results in differences in work and power outputs, and work-ratios...
Biomechanical evaluations of people with hip-related pain are often conducted in male dominated cohorts with minimal female representation. This study shows that men and women move differently with task specific differences observed at the hip and knee and consistent differences across tasks high an...
We show that the metabolic cost of asymmetrical walking is greater for step time asymmetry than step length asymmetry and that the costs are not additive; rather, the metabolic cost of walking with concurrent step time and step length asymmetry is best explained by the cost of step time asymmetry al...
This study compared the micro-architecture and apparent modulus (Eapp) of humeral head trabecular bone in non-pathologic cadaveric specimens and osteoarthritic (OA) bone extracted from patients undergoing total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Differences were observed in both morphological parameters a...
Loading of the musculoskeletal system has been key in the foot strike pattern debate. This multi-center study evaluated whether multi-directional peak tibial acceleration (PTA) behave similarly between foot strike patterns. 3D tibial accelerations were separately collected and processed in-lab and i...
Multitasking represents a common activity in sports, but it is unknown whether domain-specific cognitive ability can predict the effect of these scenarios on knee mechanics. The relationships between baseline cognitive ability and knee mechanics were characterized during a drop-jump landing task und...
Muscle and knee forces were estimated for 13 female athletes performing a drop vertical jump (DVJ) to quantify tibial anterior shear force (ASF) during landing. We employed and compared a method that accounted for measured electromyography (EMG) to a more typical effort minimization method to evalua...
Understanding the magnitude and location of the head forces experienced by front row players during scrummaging is key to study cervical spine injury mechanisms. A novel experimental protocol was devised to measure head forces and estimate the location of the point of application of the force across...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12-week transition program with simulated barefoot running (SBR) on AT adaptation.Seventeen recreational male athletes without minimalist shoe running experience were randomly assigned to SBR group and MIN group. Each participant was distr...
The intrinsic foot muscles (IFM) modulate metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) mechanics. Carbon fiber plates in footwear can change MTPJ mechanics and running economy [1]. This study investigated whether an increase in toe-flexor muscle strength can elicit similar changes in joint mechanics and running...
Scaling and morphing of dynamic musculoskeletal (MSK) models is an approach used to generate patient specific bone geometries for biomechanical analysis [1]. This work highlights mesh sensitivity of three methods applied to the Anybody Glasgow-Maastricht (GM) foot model [2],[3]. Each method uses a s...
Locomotion on land and in water requires the coordination of a great number of muscle activations and joint movements. Constant feedback about the position of own body parts in relation to the surrounding environment and the body itself (proprioception) is required to maintain stability and avoid fa...
The flatfoot and cavus foot can affect the physical performance of athletes and increase the appearance of musculoskeletal disorders. The arch of the foot behaves as an elastic structure connecting the forefoot and hindfoot. The purpose of this work was to analyze the morphology of the soles of the ...
We engineered transgenic Drosophila lines mimicking the effects of sarcopenia on myosin, which were recently elucidated by proteomic studies using elderly human skeletal muscle biopsies. We performed skinned fiber mechanics on flight muscles from young flies expressing myosin genetically modified to...
Musculoskeletal models (MSKMs) can provide estimates of joint contact forces (CFs), hence enabling monitoring of joint loading. By comparing models with different levels of personalisation based on magnetic resonance images (MRI) information, we quantified how anatomical accuracy affects the estimat...
Glenohumeral joint stability is determined by the function of the muscles crossing it. Our goal was to identify how muscles adapt in the context of an injury, like rotator cuff tear (RCT), to maintain joint stability. Computational model simulations were used to predict force contributions of muscle...
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