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This study presents an accuracy evaluation for kinematics and kinetics of a four-segment biomechanical model of the human body during quiet standing measured using wearable inertial sensors against those measured using motion capture and force plate. No significant differences were observed between ...
The purpose of this study was to investigate alterations in lower limb work with military-relevant loads in females and males. This analysis indicates that females use a different joint adaptation strategy that relies on increased power generation at the hip, which may increase the risk of musculosk...
Musculoskeletal models of a person with a unilateral transtibial amputation were developed to investigate hip joint contact force (HJCF) during running using running-specific and daily-use prostheses. Peak HJCF was greater in the intact leg compared to the amputated leg for both types of prostheses....
High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a surgical procedure used to correct leg misalignments that could induce osteoarthritis by redistributing the knee joint loads. In this study, the two musculoskeletal (MSK) models, created from medical images, were modified according to HTO surgical pre-operative plans...
In soccer and team handball, anterior cruciate ligament injuries often occur during abrupt changes of direction. The present study shows that the sidecutting manoeuvre is performed differently and results in different sagittal plane joint loadings, but no difference in frontal and transverse plane b...
Accurately predicting the locomotion state of a person’s next step is critical for control of multifunctional prosthetic devices. The output from the Beta Process Auto Regressive Hidden Markov Model (BP-AR-HMM) provides consistent and concise state output when classifying patterns throughout a gai...
A musculoskeletal model that incorporates backpack attachments at the torso and pelvis was developed to evaluate load carriage effects during walking in military service members wearing backpacks with/without a hip-belt. Compressive L4-L5 and axial hip joint contact forces were not significantly dif...
Findings from the present study suggest that moderately graded running can increase caloric expenditure without increasing cumulative patellofemoral joint loading compared to slow level ground running. Given that burning calories is the primary goal for many recreational runners, this suggests that ...
Slot scanning X-ray systems such as DXA and EOS provide low-dose high-contrast images of internal anatomy. The advantages of these devices are offset by an inherent susceptibility to motion artefact, as images are collected line-by-line. We present a novel method to measure patient motion and correc...
Neuromuscular disorders e.g. spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and stroke have a negative impact on functional movement capability. These disorders affect lower and upper motor neurons respectively. In this study high spatial resolution EMG (HSR-EMG) was used to record single motor unit (MU) activity in...
It is an undeniable fact that musculoskeletal systems are inherently redundant, i.e., there are more degrees of freedom than those required to perform certain tasks and each degree of freedom is actuated by multiple muscles. This over-availability poses numerous challenges in the process of modeling...
Performance-based function and self-report (balance, health, prosthetic use) comparisons were made between individuals with transtibial osteomyoplastic (Ertl) and non-Ertl amputations. Functional task results found significantly greater functional ability in those with an Ertl amputation. No differe...
This study examined the associations between standard walking stability measures [Feasible Stability Region (FSR) and Margin of Stability (MOS)] and linear velocities of the torso and pelvis segments during intentional slips in 17 young healthy participants. MOS was related to anterior/posterior seg...
A number of recent studies have shown that the temporal structure of pacing signals greatly influences the gait dynamics observed when coordinating with those signals. Typically, those studies have focused on autocorrelation structure (ACF). The current study builds on that work by addressing how th...
Sit-to-stand (STS) is an important activity of daily living. Individuals with Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) have larger internal ankle moments and larger proportion of ankle moment distribution compared to individuals with and without obesity. Improving STS characteristics may contribute to greater mo...
MRI allows non-invasive, quantitative assessment of ACL healing in vivo. Previously, a linear model employing MRI T2* relaxometry has been shown to predict structural properties of the ACL post ACL-repair (ACLR). This study shows that a machine learning model using common MRI features can achieve st...
Understanding the magnitude and location of the head forces experienced by front row players during scrummaging is key to study cervical spine injury mechanisms. A novel experimental protocol was devised to measure head forces and estimate the location of the point of application of the force across...
154 people with chronic low back pain (CLBP) were randomized to 6 weeks of motor skill training (MST) or strength and flexibility (SF) exercise. At baseline, post-treatment and 6-month follow-up participants completed the modified Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (MODQ), the Numeric Pain Rating Sca...
We sought to extend recent research that explored model-based approaches for combining clinical and gait measures (e.g., mobility, balance, strength, postural sway, difference scores between dual- and-single-task gait conditions) to determine the most sensitive grouping for retrospectively classifyi...
Controllability of posture in the medial-lateral direction is determined as a critical capacity for balance maintenance in step initiation. Eleven young healthy participants stood on the force platform and instructed to take a step while experiencing a pendulum perturbation from the lateral side of ...
We developed a novel load carriage system that allows weight carried in a backpack to oscillate in the medial-lateral direction while simultaneously generating electricity from the carried weight’s oscillations. We use the energy harvesting capabilities of the device to control carried mass oscill...
In accordance to Panjabi’s spinal stability model, if a deficit existed in one spinal stability system another system is thought to compensate to maintain spinal stability. This study examined whether those with delayed trunk reflexes did modify muscle activation patterns to complete a dynamic lif...
Trunk movements and centre of body mass at the start of gait with 15% of young male subject’s body weights placed in a backpack upper and lower locations on the back were explored using a 3D motion analyser with force plates and EMG for the trunk and lower limbs. The lateral flexion range of the t...
Cadaveric motion tracking data was collected to establish¶ canine cranio-cervical junction (CCJ) kinematics and the role¶ of supporting ligaments. Preliminary analysis suggests that¶ dorsal atlantoaxial (DAL) and alar ligaments (AL) are the¶ main restrictors in atlantoaxial flexion and lateral b...
This paper presents a novel way of quantifying lower limb symmetry using a non-linear dynamics approach. Two distinct phases in inter-leg dynamics were observed for walking and running, separated by a clear phase transition. Lower determinism in the mutual phase space demonstrated that walking is mo...
We show that, following adaptation to split-belt walking, margin of stability of the slow and fast legs separately converge to their respective speed-matched margin of stability values in normal treadmill walking. The predicable steady-state margin of stability values in split-belt treadmill walking...
The purpose of this study is to generate a realistic human knee exoskeleton model based on a physical system, create a human-machine system (HMS) in a musculoskeletal modelling software, and simulate assistive strategies and human-machine interaction based on joint kinematics. A knee exoskeleton was...
Residual force enhancement (rFE) is an established feature of skeletal muscle, but its molecular mechanism remains a matter of debate. In this study, rFE was elicited by stimulation protocols that simulated muscle fiber recruitment versus rate coding conditions. The results indicate that rFE was lar...
The present work compares the anticipatory postural adjustments in forward and backward stepping, taking also into account the effect of wearing shoes while performing this task. Eighteen healthy subjects participated in the study, performing 10 trials on a forceplate for each of the four conditions...
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