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Scaling and morphing of dynamic musculoskeletal (MSK) models is an approach used to generate patient specific bone geometries for biomechanical analysis [1]. This work highlights mesh sensitivity of three methods applied to the Anybody Glasgow-Maastricht (GM) foot model [2],[3]. Each method uses a s...
This study compared the micro-architecture and apparent modulus (Eapp) of humeral head trabecular bone in non-pathologic cadaveric specimens and osteoarthritic (OA) bone extracted from patients undergoing total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA). Differences were observed in both morphological parameters a...
Using a novel decomposition system capable of tracking the firing behaviour of motor units during dynamic tasks, we investigated for the first time the control of motor units during fatiguing dynamic flexion/extension contractions of the quadriceps muscle. We observed increasing motor unit firing ra...
Robotic elbow flexion training using a newly developed upper limb single-joint Hybrid Assistive Limb (upper limb HAL-SJ) was implemented for patients with elbow flexor reconstruction after brachial plexus injury (BPI). No serious adverse events were observed during upper limb HAL-SJ training in all ...
Little is known about the influence of muscle length on force-enhancement during (FE) and following (rFE) lengthening contractions. Preliminary data shows that during electrically stimulated contractions, FE and rFE are relatively greater at a longer, compared with a shorter muscle length, which ind...
In human locomotion, lower extremity stiffness (KLeg) describes how subjects attenuate load during ground contact. Greater KLeg is associated with increased risk for lower extremity injury. We analysed the neuromechanical contributions to KLeg during running and single leg hopping in healthy runners...
Normalized jerk is an established metric for the assessment of kinematic fluency across a range of human movements (e.g. writing, manual aiming, balance, and gait) [1-3]. While normalized jerk has been employed to evaluate manual disfluencies in Parkinson disease (PD) patients over extended trials, ...
A soft pneumatic sleeve orthosis worn around the forearm and connected to the cuff of a Lofstrand crutch was designed to help alleviate high loading demands on the wrist and hand during crutch-assisted gait. When pressurized, the orthosis was found to provide moderate and physiologically-acceptable ...
We used a novel prosthosis to simulate the biomechanics of cycling with a uni-lateral amputation in people without an amputation. This provided a model for acute adaptation to the asymmetrical biomechanics associated with using a transtibial prosthesis. We compared joint moment data to a group of pe...
Flat feet resulting from a collapsed arch are a common concern for children with cerebral palsy (CP). Surgeries aim to restore the arch and improve pain, ambulatory efficiency, and brace tolerance. To evaluate these surgical outcomes, plantar pressures (PP) from patients indicated for a lateral colu...
This study seeks to validate a method for measuring three-dimensional knee rotations with inertial measurement units (IMUs) on human subjects and with measurements from optical motion capture (MOCAP). Unlike a prior validation conducted with an instrumented mechanical linkage, experiments on human s...
We developed and tested a radiology-driven framework to simulate hip kinematic motion and articular interference in young and active adults with diagnosed cases of two common hip pathologies. We “place” the hips of thirty-five individuals (15 control; 10 femoroacetabular impingement, FAI; and 10...
Loading of the musculoskeletal system has been key in the foot strike pattern debate. This multi-center study evaluated whether multi-directional peak tibial acceleration (PTA) behave similarly between foot strike patterns. 3D tibial accelerations were separately collected and processed in-lab and i...
Glenohumeral joint stability is determined by the function of the muscles crossing it. Our goal was to identify how muscles adapt in the context of an injury, like rotator cuff tear (RCT), to maintain joint stability. Computational model simulations were used to predict force contributions of muscle...
We used shear wave elastography (SWE) to examine changes in hamstrings muscle shear elastic modulus with contraction type and intensity. Also, we examined the relationships between hamstrings muscle size/architecture and shear modulus. Shear modulus increased curvilinearly with increasing contractio...
Patients who have repaired their Achilles tendon (AT) rupture have potentially high risk for re-rupture. The present study showed that the great strain of the rupture-experienced AT during hopping can be one of crucial risk factors for re-rupture. In addition, the preprogramed muscle activation may ...
Estimation of spring-mass parameters in running (i.e., leg stiffness) relies on geometric assumptions of a runner’s anthropometry and dynamics. A method is presented that estimates leg stiffness, touchdown angle, and leg length from a vertical ground reaction force recording using nonlinear regres...
Relationships between joint position sense (JPS) and the sensorimotor characteristics of joint stiffness, time to detect motion, and time to peak torque during a perturbation test have rarely been investigated due to methodological challenges. The purpose of this study was to compare JPS and the sen...
Muscle activity during periods of postural adjustments is responsible for maintaining stability and body orientation. Our results showed muscle activity during the periods of anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments for the scapular muscles during upper limb tasks. We believe that the acti...
Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to compare differences in maximum reach on three different groups and 3 different loading conditions. The methodology clearly demonstrated the ability to detect differences in angle due to groups and weight moved. The aim is to develop new clinically relev...
Using continuous relative phase (CRP) methodology, we quantified shank-foot couplings in time periods surrounding initial ground contact in runners wearing two shoe conditions with extreme differences in midsole cushioning levels. Non-linear mixed effects modeling was used to examine for differences...
This study assessed the learning strategies adopted by a group of runners who underwent a running retraining program aiming to reduce peak tibial shock. Respondents exhibited combined gait modifications, including a reduction of the stride length and landing with a less dorsiflexed ankle after train...
Diabetic foot is a severe complication and represents the most common cause of non-traumatic amputation. The goal of this study was to simulate diabetic foot behaviour and soft tissues internal stresses by taking into account muscle activation, muscle forces, altered foot kinematics and loads. Gait ...
To perform cross validate between Computed Muscle Control (CMC) results from musculoskeletal simulation and existing experimental data, we compared the compensatory activation of other leg muscles with paralyzed gastrocnemius (GCM) medial head. As a result, muscle activities from CMC showed similar ...
Tendon tissue engineering approaches are challenged by a limited understanding of the role mechanical loading plays in normal tendon development. We propose that the increased loading that developing postnatal tendons experience with the onset of locomotor behavior impacts tendon formation. In this ...
The purpose of the study was to develop and examine a new functional skill test with an upper extremity prosthesis, involving fundamental upper limb motor functions such as reaching, grasping, carrying, placing, releasing, and retrieving an object. The test scores (total time, accuracy, and efficien...
T2 MRI relaxation times of the ankle tibiotalar cartilage, plantar pressure and finite element predicted von Mises cartilage stress were evaluated in 10 novice and 10 marathon experienced (ME) runners who ran barefoot for 5km. After running, ME runners decreased tibiotalar cartilage stress and maint...
The mechanical nature of factors influencing hip fracture rates are not fully understood. This study evaluated the influence of fall simulation paradigm (FSP), sex, and trochanteric soft tissue thickness (TSTT) on femoral neck stresses and fracture risk. Through coupling of experimental FSP and tiss...
During the last years, in-field motion analysis has gained more and more importance. The development of inertial sensors for motion analysis enables the measurement of motion kinematics in any environment. Although being of high importance for clinical and sports related analyses, the analysis of ki...
Individuals after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) walk using aberrant mechanics, (e.g., smaller involved knee flexion angles and moments and medial tibiofemoral joint under-loading) linked to the early development of osteoarthritis. Limited research has studied the relationship betw...
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