Upper extremity biomechanical characterization of overhead throwing in able-bodied and wheelchair lacrosse players

The injury biomechanics of wheelchair lacrosse remains unknown. Thus, this study sought to characterize upper extremity kinematic differences in the overhead throw between able-bodied and wheelchair lacrosse players. Results suggest significant differences occur in glenohumeral joint flexion and external rotation during maximum elbow flexion of the crank back phase of the throw. These findings may assist clinicians and coaches in identifying unsafe overhead throwing mechanics and assisting Wheelchair Lacrosse USA in developing rules and guidelines for player safety.