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Occupations with regular exposure to squatting have a greater risk of developing knee osteoarthritis. To determine the effects of squatting exposures on subsequent knee power generation and concurrent muscle oxygenation, participants completed cyclic and sustained squatting exposures, with countermo...
This study aimed to identify site- and direction-dependent differences in mechanical properties of the triceps surae aponeuroses in vivo during graded isometric submaximal plantar flexion using shear wave elastography. The stiffness of triceps surae aponeuroses was higher at proximal site in the lon...
Running gait retraining (GR) can alter running technique and lower limb loading patterns. The aim of the study was to examine bilateral changes in foot angle after a GR intervention that targeted running with a flatter foot. Five rearfoot strikers undertook six GR sessions whilst receiving an intern...
Individuals with anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) exhibit asymmetry in a variety of tasks. The use of quadriceps strength symmetry as a rehabilitation guideline may not reflect biomechanical asymmetry in other tasks.
Inertial measurement units (IMUs) are often used for research purposes in a variety of fields. The aim of this work is to show how these sensors function in line with the basics of rigid body kinematics. Preliminary results of two sensors on the same body demonstrate the sensitivity of acceleration ...
In hip osteoarthritis, pain may limit kinematic variability during gait and thereby concentrate repetitive loads on the hip joint. This exploratory study examined hip kinematic variability according to pain and structural disease severity. We found no evidence to suggest that kinematic variability, ...
Performance on movement screens can change with knowledge of scoring criteria. The Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) is often used to identify high injury-risk biomechanics and athletes. We compared LESS scores and risk categorisation before and after the provision of scoring criteria and informat...
Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to analyze the waveforms of lower-extremity joint moments of 186 healthy adolescents and young adults during over-ground walking gait. Post-puberty gait was characterized by greater hip extension moment in late stance, greater hip external rotation moment ...
Sprinting plays an important role in many different Olympic sports, including field hockey. Better insights in how sprint performance is determined and evolves during the season is important to improve training protocols. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in the sprint performance of ...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12-week transition program with simulated barefoot running (SBR) on AT adaptation.Seventeen recreational male athletes without minimalist shoe running experience were randomly assigned to SBR group and MIN group. Each participant was distr...
Golfers can modify the mass and moment of inertia (MoI) of their driver. The influence of these changes on golfers’ unique centre of pressure and centre of gravity movement patterns were investigated. The patterns between the control and High Mass condition showed small differences to the High MoI...
We combined experiments and predictive simulations to explain the large intra-subject variability observed in the kinematic responses to backward perturbations of standing balance when randomly administered within a set of multi-directional support-surface translations and rotations. We found that c...
Age-related changes to neck strength may contribute to fall-related traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). However, there is limited knowledge on reliable neck strength measuring devices in older adults. This study found a novel neck strength device had excellent intra-rater reliability when testing young...
The torso has always played an important role in baseball pitching. The movement of the upper limbs is greatly affected by the pelvis and trunk. Understanding the difference between the pelvis and the trunk will help coaches and players not only improve their pitching skills and also their pitching ...
The aim of this study was to identify the kinematic factors during a fastball pitch that are associated with ball velocity (BV) and peak elbow varus moments (PVar) in collegiate baseball pitchers. Fifteen collegiate baseball pitchers underwent 3D motion analysis testing. Correlation and multivariate...
The present study investigated whether performing 10 knee flexor maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs) would attenuate muscle damage induced by maximal eccentric contractions of the same leg. Twenty-four young men performed 100 knee extensor eccentric contractions using the right leg, and...
The medial structures of the knee such as the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL), deep medial collateral ligament (dMCL) and posteromedial capsule (PMC) are the most frequently injured tissues and a lot of research has been conducted. However, the length change patterns of these tissues h...
Lower extremity joints illustrate torsional spring-like behaviour during running. While the influence of running speed and different strike patterns on joint quasi-stiffness have been investigated, the changes associated with graded running are not known. Ankle and knee joint stiffness of twelve rea...
Contractility increased following both aerobic and resistance exercise training. Resistance training resulted in increases in maximum force and velocity, aerobic training led to greater increases in shortening velocity, while combination training resulted in increases in both maximal force and veloc...
Varying recruitment patterns between slow and fast motor units can be correctly predicted using musculoskeletal simulations that minimize a cost function that is metabolically-informed. The use and function of different types of motor unit allows contractions to be metabolically economic and mechani...
Abnormal foot valgus is typical symptom of foot deformity. An accurate assessment of valgus degree is critical for the diagnosis and therapy design. However, the influence of walking stride frequency on foot valgus remains unclear. This study aims to characterize the valgus degree with the dynamic v...
Achilles tendon (AT) moment arm (ATMA) was measured in vivo during running by combining motion capture and ultrasound (US) data. Results were compared to tendon excursion and regression equation ATMA values, and the effect of using different ATMA values on Achilles tendon force established. All meth...
A time-series-based classification method (kNN) was used to quantify kinematic changes of a shoe’s roll-over process between two repeated runs in different shoe comfort conditions. Data was collected using a gyroscope attached to the shoe. A significant difference between the achieved classificati...
Rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) leads to complex knee joint translation and rotation differences that are theorized to contribute to the development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). The finite helical axis (FHA) is a powerful approach to describe post-traumatic alterations in...
There is a paucity of research regarding the relationship between fast pitch softball pitching mechanics and pain. Thus, understanding the pitching mechanics of those pitching with and without upper extremity (UE) pain is needed. Inability to efficiently use the kinetic chain to throw a rise ball pi...
Dysfunctional postural control is one of the key problems in children with cerebral palsy (CP) which interfere with the activities of daily life [1] and have been suggested to be a major component of gait disorders in CP [2]. However, little is known about the mechanisms underlying impairments in po...
Limb symmetry indices during single-limb hop tasks and counter-movement jumps are often used as screening tools for evaluating knee joint function in injured populations, although no evidence exists to support their use in a paediatric population. We sought to determine whether clinically significan...
We used a markerless Deep Learning-based method to perform 2D kinematic analysis of deepwater running. Twenty-one volunteers performed deepwater running while a GoPro camera recorded sagittal plane lower limb motion. A deep neural network was trained to predict the locations of lower limb landmarks....
Studies have shown that risk of noncontact injury largely depends on knee abduction (KA) at the time of injury, with Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries occurring at significantly larger KA than the KA at initial contact with the ground [2]. The goal of this study was to assess whether the Max...
The foot’s role in walking on sloped surfaces is currently unclear. Here, we used a multi-segment foot model to explore how the foot adapts its mechanical work production to incline and decline walking.
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