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In the preparatory measurements before launching the project in direct connection with the prepared European legislation in the field of tram safety from the point of view of pedestrians, an interesting fact was found. In Prague, it is still possible to meet trams with a front part designed in the 5...
Exploratory Factor Analysis was used to determine the optimal athlete movement domains and the associated key metrics from 55 metrics collected from athletes performing a wheelchair (WC) rugby field test. The analysis demonstrated that a minimum number of factors can be groups into domains. This can...
There is a temporal structure of stride-to-stride fluctuations found in healthy gait. However, older adults lose this temporal structure during walking. This can be counteracted through the use of external cueing that contains the temporal properties of pink-noise. This cueing mechanism can be used ...
A prototype lower body soft exoskeleton suit (comprised of varied hip passive elastic bands) was designed to enhance forward skating start performance of hockey players [1]. To better understand the interaction between the suit and athlete, this further study analysed lower body muscle activity (sur...
“Bicycle-fit” is an interactive process aimed at changing bicycle parameters to achieve desired kinematics. Despite widespread “rules-of-thumb”, there is no research investigating the effect of how changing bicycle-fit affects lower extremity kinematics. This investigation found that only kn...
Hamstring strain injuries are the most common injuries in soccer. The biceps femoris long head muscle (BFLH) is injured most frequently among the bilateral hamstring muscles. Some previous studies reported that the relationships between hamstring strain injuries and the hamstring muscle architecture...
Trabecular morphology correlates with the stiffness and strength of the cancellous bone. The present study aims to investigate the differences in the elastic modulus and nanostructure between the rod- and plate-like trabeculae. We dissected 37 rod-like and 11 plate-like trabeculae from the proximal ...
Using indirect calorimetry, we can measure the average cost of a stride cycle but we cannot identify which phase has the highest metabolic cost (e.g. in patients). Recent simulation methods allow estimating the time profile of metabolic cost within the stride cycle. In this study, we compare the est...
Achilles tendon shear wave speed was measured in 16 young and 16 older adults walking at speeds ranging from 0.75 to 1.5 m/s. Subject-specific calibrations were performed and used to estimate tendon stress from wave speed. We observed a consistent and substantial decline in tendon wave speed and str...
The purpose of this investigation was to explore changes in passive lumbar spine properties in response to simulated low velocity rear impacts and assess this relation with low back pain (LBP) symptom reporting post impact. Participants were exposed to two collision simulations: in an automobile sea...
Many industries are interested in using wearable displays (e.g., “smart” glasses) to enhance worker performance. Since diverse occupational tasks involve walking, however, it is important to evaluate walking safety while using this new technology. In an earlier study, participants complained abo...
Gender differences have been reported for lower extremity running mechanics in healthy and injured adult runners. However, lower extremity asymmetry has been less frequently studied. Uninjured adolescent runners were stratified by gender and side-to-side limb symmetry was measured during the stance ...
Previous research has demonstrated age-dependence in various tendon mechanical and material properties. However, little is known regarding the effect of aging on injury mechanics in damaged fascicles. By loading both mature and aged partially-cut fascicles and observing local deformations, this stud...
Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) fills the gap between the skull and brain. As CSF is 99% water, which has a small tensile strength. When human head is exposed to blast waves, the intracranial pressure may easily exceed the tensile strength of CSF. In such cases, the stiffness of CSF layer is reduced to ...
This study investigated the effect of passive exoskeleton use on shoulder torque control in an intermittent shoulder-loading task. Sixteen participants completed 15 30-sec cycles of intermittent, isometric shoulder contraction at 90º both in the sagittal and scapular planes, with a 50% duty cycle a...
In order to understand the mechanism of gastric motility, this paper presents a new approach to measure the principal direction of smooth muscle contraction in vivo and analyzes the difference of muscle contraction force by electrical stimulation between in vitro and in vivo for the same porcine sto...
Traditional occupational biomechanics models of lifting use body posture and hand load to predict L5/S1 compression force estimates. A novel hybrid Bayesian network implementation of a static lifting model has been developed that incorporates disc injury status as well. However, it is unclear how se...
Even in constrained activities, like pedaling, the indeterminant musculoskeletal system allows for different muscle activation patterns to achieve the same task, which may lead to subtly different kinematics. We found that pedaling coordination patterns differed significantly with respect to experie...
To correct for soft tissue artefacts in skin mounted accelerometers a transmissibility function can be applied to the data. This function is quantified by analysis of the acceleration-time data from the response to a nudge test; however this data can often be noisy. An application of Fourier analysi...
This project determined that, in a sample of NCAA Division 1 men’s basketball players, good vertical jumpers achieve a greater reactive strength index modified (RSIMOD; jump height divided by jump time) via a faster eccentric phase and greater rate of eccentric force development. Among collegiate ...
The use of posturography to distinguish fallers and non-fallers is widely debated, likely due to a lack of standardization in methodologies and reporting. The objective of our study was to examine whether between-group differentiation was possible by focusing on factors that had shown promise. It wa...
Muscular power depends on force-velocity, activation, and deactivation characteristics, all of which adapt to training. Resistance training programs intended to improve power have produced mixed results. We used previously reported data from heavy and explosive training programs [1,2] to modify musc...
Coordinated muscle contractions are vital for daily functional movements. This study investigated the differences in the muscular activation of the elbow flexors and extensors of two different age groups, during extension movements of the elbow. Fifteen healthy adults and eight healthy children were...
Load carriage running (LCR) is a common activity for military personnel and is associated with a high incidence of tibial stress fracture (TSF). Select biomechanical variables have been linked to TSF but the effect of LCR on these variables is unknown. In this study, we observed higher loading rates...
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors (MMPIs) have been used as therapeutic options for tendinopathy. However, mixed results have been reported regarding their efficacy. We posited that the combination of these two treatment strategies would be more beneficial for healin...
This study investigated whether the human gait cycle spontaneously entrains to rhythmic electrical stimulation of the gastrocnemius muscle with phasing that aligns the stimuli with ankle push-off. Rhythmic stimulation was applied at the natural stride frequency, with random initial phasing. Some, bu...
The purpose of this study was to distinguish subjects with different shoulder disorders, using musculoskeletal simulation with movements of clinical physical examinations.
We have developed a robotic haptic cycle ergometer as a probe for coordination in the lower limb and a therapeutic intervention for central deficits such as stroke. Here we demonstrate motor adaptation and skill learning in leg movement through two haptic training tasks. The first shows motor adapta...
Forward positioned head mounted technologies are becoming increasingly prevalent. This study assessed the effect of added forward positioned mass on upper neck extensor (UNE) and sternocleidomastoid (SCM) activity during reciprocal scanning. Results showed that UNE activity significantly increased w...
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