Take-off technique of elite high jumpers is associated with the mechanical properties of the achilles tendon and the plantar-flexor muscles

With the aim to obtain a better understanding of the potential contribution of the plantar-flexor muscle-tendon units to high-jump performance, muscle tendon properties as well as jump kinetics and kinematics in seven elite high jumpers. The results of this study clearly indicate that, different take-off techniques of elite high jumpers are partly reflected in the triceps surae muscle-tendon properties. Jumpers with a fast run-up velocity and a short ground contact have short stiff tendons and long muscle fascicles. These tendon properties are necessary to enable the storage and release within the constraints of the brief ground contact. The long fascicles probably enable sufficient force generation at fast shortening velocities during the run-up.