Abstract Archive

Joint kinematics during running were compared between performance-matched groups of fifty-seven male and female runners at 11 km/h. Kinematics differed between the sexes at all joints, with the largest differences occurring in adduction-abduction at each joint; during stance females displayed more a...

Bones are made of complex material comprising organic components and mineral hydroxyapatite, both of which formulate the unique hierarchical structure of bone and its mechanical properties. In this study, atomic force microscopy-based imaging and indentation approaches were adopted to investigate th...

Multibody dynamic simulations are often used to generate estimates of muscle force and activation profiles during tasks like walking, but it is unclear if these simulations generated accurately capture muscle coordination patterns as measured by experimental electromyography (EMG) data. Muscle syner...

The subtalar joint was locked and unlocked in a dynamic musculoskeletal model of running in participants with varus and valgus knees. There were significant differences in the contact forces in the ankle and knee contact forces. There were no differences found between participants with varus and val...

An understanding of mechanical work and power during swimming is critical for determining the physiological (and thus behavioral) envelope of bottlenose dolphins. Building on previous work, we present center of mass (COM) estimates of power during a controlled swimming task. These estimates make use...

The in-vivo dynamic characteristic of normal knee joint is valuable for the cure of knee osteoarthritis and knee prosthesis design. In this study, a unique in-vivo experimental evaluated subject-specific finite element musculoskeletal (FE-MS) model with high accuracy intact knee was created and used...

A prototype lower body soft exoskeleton suit (comprised of varied hip passive elastic bands) was designed to enhance forward skating start performance of hockey players [1]. To better understand the interaction between the suit and athlete, this further study analysed lower body muscle activity (sur...

The objective of the present study was to verify the effects of different levels of fatigue on intralimb coordination during the countermovement jump (CMJ). Seventeen male participants performed two fatigue protocols (7 x 10 CMJs and 14 x 10 CMJs). A CMJ was performed before and 1 min after the fati...

In the current study, a combined experimental and computational approach to investigate the effect of individual lumbar vertebral postures on lumbar spine injury risk under high-speed vertical acceleration was conducted. Specimen-specific finite element (FE) models of 3-segment functional spinal uni...

Kinematic and electromyography data were collected from people without transtibial amputation (TTA) and with TTA for three prosthetic alignment conditions during sit-to-stand (STS). People with TTA had greater amputated side and lower intact side rectus femoris activity compared to people without TT...

Walking unassisted resulted in less trunk flexion than using either the KB Balance Trainer or a traditional walker at self-selected speed. There were no significant kinematics differences between the KB Balance Trainer and a traditional walker.

The metabolic benefit of arm swing arises at and above optimal walking speeds. This benefit is coupled with increases in peak-to-peak arm swing amplitudes.

We aimed to determine whether calf muscle morphology or function differed between medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) symptomatic and asymptomatic long-distance runners. Muscle thickness and strength of the superficial posterior lower leg compartment and calf muscle endurance were assessed for 8 sy...

Time of the day shows effect on different parameters of human behaviour. In this study we determined whether the time of day influences the height and power of vertical jumps in amateur athletes and non-athletes. Here we describe that time of the day have significant effects on jump height but not p...

Underrepresented high school students in the STEM fields received interest-tailored lectures on biomechanics during a 5-week summer program. Changes in student engagement and performance between interest-tailored and generic lectures was assessed. Interest-tailored lectures showed an increase in lec...

Flip-flop style footwear is assumed to increase slip risk due to shallow treads and non-rigid coupling to the foot. For provoked slips in dry and wet (water) conditions, differences in adhesion effects, absolute normal force, and contact area are suspected to have influenced the coefficient of frict...

The reduced cardiorespiratory function and muscle performance in the elderly significantly minify an individual's functional aerobic capacity. Some inactive older adults are in an age range that theoretically places them right around their aerobic capacity threshold. Any further decline may make the...

The magnitude of hip impact force during a fall on the ground (i.e., concrete surface) from standing height was determined. We found that this force decreases up to 36%, depending on how they land on the ground.

The present study aims to develop a dynamics model based on the multibody dynamics methodology to study the influence of ligamentous insufficiency on damage estimation, i.e. wear and creep, of total knee arthroplasty. The anterior cruciate ligament is assumed sacrificed during the knee surgery while...

Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common complication in female runners related to patellofemoral joint stress (PFJS). Increases in stride length alone may intensify PFJS, while increasing cadence alone may lower it. Running velocity is the product of stride length and cadence. Our purpose wa...

The spine is an anatomically complex system with many degrees of freedom. Due to this complexity, multiple motor control strategies may exist to complete a given task. The aim of this work was to identify if distinct coordination strategies are used during spine flexion/extension (FE). Kinematic dat...

There is a temporal structure of stride-to-stride fluctuations found in healthy gait. However, older adults lose this temporal structure during walking. This can be counteracted through the use of external cueing that contains the temporal properties of pink-noise. This cueing mechanism can be used ...

Gender differences have been reported for lower extremity running mechanics in healthy and injured adult runners. However, lower extremity asymmetry has been less frequently studied. Uninjured adolescent runners were stratified by gender and side-to-side limb symmetry was measured during the stance ...

The purpose of this study was to assess if wearing augmented and virtual reality googles affect the balance of older adults. Nine community dwelling older adults who could walk without assistive devices participated in the pilot study. Balance was assessment using an AMTI OR6-700 Force Plate with an...

Severe Traumatic Brain Injury (sTBI) commonly leads to gait and balance impairments, but motor strategies adopted by people who suffered of a sTBI have not been characterized yet. Therefore, the aim of the study was to objectively characterize a sTBI population using a set of inertial sensors to des...

Studies examining forefoot strike (FFS) has lower eccentric quadriceps work during the braking phase of the running compared with rearfoot strike (RFS). Lower eccentric quadriceps work may result in lower knee loading. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the patellofemoral joint contact...

This randomized clinical trial evaluated the immediate effect of cervical spine manipulation on the maximal isometric strength of shoulder abductors. A total of 26 subjects participated where 13 subjects were randomized into the intervention group (joint manipulation of the cervical spine), and 13 s...

This preliminary study investigated the effects of fatigue on hand and wrist biomechanics in a simulated workplace setting to gain insight into repetitive use injuries of the upper extremity. Grip forces, wrist muscle activity and wrist kinematics were measured pre- and post-fatigue during an object...

Knee valgus angles and moments during unanticipated motions have been previously identified as factors of anterior cruciate ligament injury (ACL). Prophylactic knee braces are knee braces that are designed to mitigate this and reduce the risk of injury. To determine the effectiveness of these braces...

The leg-dominance theory suggests that kinetic and kinematic asymmetries place athletes, particularly females, at a higher risk of non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries. Sex and age effects on asymmetry of sagittal plane lower extremity joint angles and moments during the stance phas...