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Field hockey is a team sport played through an implement: the hockey stick and it imposes a wide range of physical demands on players such as speed, muscle endurance, power and agility. Using an implement while playing has been proven to affect players both in terms of body posture and metabolic dem...
Gait analysis is essential in orthotics and prosthetics (O&P) practice. This pilot study aimed to determine the reliability of a simple 2D video-software analysis tool and to compare it with 3D gait laboratory. Gait trials were undertaken with 10 able-bodied participants. The 2D video-software syste...
This study aimed to determine the breakpoints in superficial electromyography (sEMG) signal during a maximal incremental skating test (IT) and compare them to the first (VT1) and second (VT2) ventilatory threshold. Ten well-trained long track speed skaters performed a maximal incremental skating tes...
The purpose of this study was to determine the differences in muscles activation while pedaling a stationary recumbent bicycle forward versus backward. Surface Electromyography (sEMG) was used on the tibialis anterior (tib), vastus lateralis (vas), gastrocnemius lateral head (gas), and biceps femori...
The purpose of this study was to investigate the individual fingertip forces between healthy and spinal cord injury (SCI) patients. Thirty volunteers participated in this study. Analysis showed that every p-value is a statistically significant difference for the independent t-test. In the comparison...
Mechanical stimulus is one of the key factors that decide fate of chondrocytes in context of endochondral ossification. An osteochondral setup can be used to study the effect of mechanical stimulus on chondrocyte fate. In this paper, finite element models of the human knee joint and an osteochondral...
The aim of this study was to compare the minimum and maximum values of gait patterns at different speeds predicted by two different methods: PEAK (based solely on the peak values), and CYCLE (based on the full gait cycle). We used gait data recorded at different speeds from a public repository as th...
Patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) adopt movement compensations to stabilize the hip during sloped walking, but compensations vary across degrees of inclination. Patients with DDH increased activation demand on the hip abductors during level walking, while increasing the co-activ...
The goal of this study was to understand the mechanism of falls in the elderly using the complexity analysis of center of pressure (CoP) in those who fall and those who do not fall. Approximate Entropy (ApEn) was calculated to determine the levels of complexity of CoP during walking on an instrument...
A majority of physical activities which experience impacts during ground contact generate soft tissue vibrations. Those vibrations could potentially cause injury and energy lost due to high muscle tone associated with the vibration. Study has been reported the energy used by the muscles when exposed...
Providing load during dynamic lower limb CT acquisition has not been possible yet. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of a new device to create a weight-bearing condition during horizontal squat (HS)and to compare it to a wall orthostatic squat (OS). 3D kinematics and surface EMG (sEMG) wer...
The talar articular surface was divided into medial and lateral areas. Three force reaction elements were embedded in each area to calculate the contact force in the tibiotalar joint. Walking data of normal and flatfoot were measured using motion capture, force plate, and pressure mat. We performed ...
In analyzing the accuracy of trainer form scores as a quantitative assessment of athletic form, wearables were used to compare the individuals’ form score to their biomechanics. The Lock and Load drill, one that requires control to lift the opposite leg and hand simultaneously off the ground from ...
There is a well-established relationship between anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) and the premature development of osteoarthritis (OA) [1]. Transverse relaxation (T2) time, a quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) parameter, is capable of quantifying the degradation of the ca...
The aim of this study is to compare an IMU-based system with a motion capture system in relation to nonlinear analysis of kinematics. Subjects were asked to walk on an instrumented treadmill at their self-selected walking speed and the Lyapunov exponent, a measure of stride-to-stride variability, wa...
This study aimed to compare the upper body angular motion in different genders. Thirty healthy subjects participated in this study. Subjects walked on a level surface with tri-axial gyro-sensors attached at four locations on the back of body (pelvis, T10, C7, and head). Men generally had smaller ang...
While body-powered prostheses are the preferred devices following transradial limb loss, the compensatory strategies they elicit are currently not well understood. This study aims to identify at which upper body joints compensation occurs. Based on the findings, body-powered prosthesis users compens...
The force-length relationship in skeletal muscle is attributed to the requirement for overlap between the contractile proteins actin and myosin. However, this relationship shifts with changes in muscle activation. Here we present data suggesting that this activation-dependent shift occurs not only b...
Cells are constantly exposed to loads, which are sensed by their organelle and transduced into cellular events, a phenomenon called mechanotransduction. Despite receiving significant attention over the past years and exponential advances in cell characterization techniques, understanding how mechani...
Biomechanical interfaces can be improved by virtual prototyping, allowing an accurate prediction and optimization of subject-specific socket-skin pressure distribution. In this work we present a comparison between two different modelling approaches for socket prototyping of a transtibial amputee. Th...
Finite Element (FE) modeling can be used to simulate knee joint mechanics and estimate failure sites. Computed tomography (CT) has been underused in the model generation due to difficulties in soft tissue visualisation and consequent segmentation; hence, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been the...
Different foot types are associated with different biomechanical function [1]. In a cohort of cadets from West Point differences in foot type have already been observed across sex, race, injury incidence [2]. As part of their training to become officers in the US Army cadets train rigorously, especi...
The purpose of this study was to compare measures of gait temporo-spatial parameters of older adults walking outdoors collected using a GAITRite® instrumented mat and the IMU-based Xsens system. 10 older adults were evaluated during the gait in a public park. Velocity, cadence, step length, swing a...
A comparison of joint coordinate systems (JCS) of the wrist has been conducted to provide a more clinically applicable alternative to the International Society of Biomechanics recommendations. Changes in the hand coordinate frame affect measurements in the JCS more than the forearm frame. An alterna...
This study compared the MilestonePod (MSP) wireless running sensor to a fully instrumented treadmill (FIT) in measuring average vertical loading rate (AVLR), ground contact time (GCT), cadence, and stride length. MSP data from treadmill was also compared to MSP data during outdoor overground running...
Self-paced treadmills (SPT) that allow participants to self-select their preferred speed and naturally vary speed may better replicate the variability of overground (OG) running. This study assessed the validity of a SPT design in comparison to fixed-speed (FST) and OG running conditions. Four of th...
Traumatic brachial plexus injuries (BPI) are debilitating and result in lifelong upper extremity dysfunction. Surgical restoration of motor function relies on salvageable nerves and muscles for transfer procedures. Kinematic data from subjects after a brachial plexus reconstruction was analysed duri...
Knee joints undergo various loading and unloading processes. Earlier investigations had a marginal focus on rate-dependent load response associated with viscoelastic and poromechanical behaviors of the joint. In this study, a fully meniscectomized porcine knee joint compression was simulated with a ...
Jump landing manoeuvres in competitive downhill skiing are typical situations leading to ACL injuries. While, neuromuscular control is considered a key injury risk factor, optimum control strategies are unknown. The purpose of the study was to compute muscle activation patterns that minimize ACL for...
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