Abstract Archive

Slip and fall events are a major cause of occupational injuries. Footwear is an important consideration for assessing risk of slipping. Previous research has shown that shoe tread fluid drainage capabilities contributes to slip likelihood and that slip-resistant (SR) shoes tend to have better tracti...

Compared to uninjured persons, those with lower extremity amputation rely more on visual feedback to maintain balance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate center-of-mass (COM) accelerations in persons with a lower extremity amputation after the removal of visual feedback on both stable and uns...

Rat femur fracture models are widely used in small animal proof of concept research. The objective of this study is to determine whether a significant difference exists between femoral 3-point bending strength of male Sprague Dawley (SD) and female Wistar rats as well as between Wistar rats of diffe...

We combined experiments and predictive simulations to explain the large intra-subject variability observed in the kinematic responses to backward perturbations of standing balance when randomly administered within a set of multi-directional support-surface translations and rotations. We found that c...

In many quantitative investigations of biological systems, including, e.g., the study of biomolecular interactions, assembly and disassembly, aggregation, micelle and vesicle formation, or drug encapsulation, accurate determination of particle sizes is of key interest. Fluorescence correla...

Using standardised kinematic inputs and implant alignments can limit the scope of experimental wear testing for total joint replacement. Introducing patient and population inputs, from biomechanical, clinical and retrieval studies, can enhance the predictive power of pre-clinical testing for evaluat...

High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a surgical procedure used to correct leg misalignments that could induce osteoarthritis by redistributing the knee joint loads. In this study, the two musculoskeletal (MSK) models, created from medical images, were modified according to HTO surgical pre-operative plans...

This study examined the effect of inter-cycle loading variation on cumulative tolerance in isolated spinal units. An in vitro paradigm was used to compare custom sinusoidal waveforms (i.e., consistent vs. variable amplitude) constructed with control between specimens for an equal average peak amplit...

Glenohumeral (GH) morphometry vary among populations and the current Total Shoulder Arthroplasty (TSA) implants do not incorporate these features. This study aims to determine the inter-population kinematic variation owing to morphometric changes of a GH surface using OpenSim. Three population-speci...

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a safe non-invasive technique employed to investigate motor cortical or corticospinal functions. Magnetic stimulation can also be used for peripheral nerve (PMS) in order to assess muscle function. This presentation will briefly review the interest of using...

The purpose of the current study was to investigate an effect of spin or velocity of the pitched ball on distance of the hit ball experimentally using comparison of fastball with curveball. Six male baseball players belonging to Toto University baseball league participated in the current study. The ...

Abnormal foot valgus is typical symptom of foot deformity. An accurate assessment of valgus degree is critical for the diagnosis and therapy design. However, the influence of walking stride frequency on foot valgus remains unclear. This study aims to characterize the valgus degree with the dynamic v...

Musculoskeletal systems (MSS) are dynamically indeterminate. For this reason, static optimization (SO) is commonly used to estimate muscle forces and activations. However, SO minimizes antagonistic coactivation, which may not be physiologically realistic. To address this issue, we developed a novel ...

Alien skies in a beam of lightAnd when we find life, how will we know? The answer has a lot to do with rainbows. As Isaac Newton recognized, white light shot through a prism (or through curtains of mist seen with the sun at your back) is exposed for what it really is: a band of color spanning violet...

The purpose of this study was to test whether the lowering of swimmer’s body observed during 200-m maximal swimming is associated with inspiratory muscle fatigue. Ten well-trained swimmers performed maximal 200-m front crawl swimming in 25-m pool. A 3-D underwater motion capture system was used fo...

Increased articular contact stress, resulting from joint incongruity following intra-articular fractures of the distal tibia, contributes to the development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis. We are using finite element-computed contact stress to identify at-risk areas of the joint surface for the pu...

Primary cilia length was measured ex vivo in 3D after wild type and itg?1-null chondrocytes were exposed to iso- or hypo-osmotic stress. We show that integrin ?1?1 is necessary for primary cilia lengthening following hypo-osmotic stress.

Running gait retraining (GR) can alter running technique and lower limb loading patterns. The aim of the study was to examine bilateral changes in foot angle after a GR intervention that targeted running with a flatter foot. Five rearfoot strikers undertook six GR sessions whilst receiving an intern...

This study was conducted to investigate interaction during turning movement in competitive ballroom dance. Thirteen national high-level competitive ballroom dance couples and the current world competitive ballroom champion couple were participated. Movements were recorded at 240 Hz using two Xsens s...

The internal foot power and work during the takeoff phase of the standing long jump were calculated using distal foot power and foot power imbalance techniques. The foot power profiles were very similar for the two methods with a period of power absorption followed by a period of power generation ri...

Variable Stiffness Shoes (VSS) have been developed to reduce external knee adduction moment (KAM) in patients with osteoarthritis (OA). This study’s findings suggest transverse and frontal plane gait adaptations in VSS that occur at the knee and hip need to be considered to understand the potentia...

The supraspinatus includes two distinct regions. Relationships between regional indwelling electromyography (EMG) and a surface EMG were defined during arm elevation across several factors. Sex, elevation angle and intensity influenced the relationships for both regions, while plane of elevation inf...

This study aimed to identify site- and direction-dependent differences in mechanical properties of the triceps surae aponeuroses in vivo during graded isometric submaximal plantar flexion using shear wave elastography. The stiffness of triceps surae aponeuroses was higher at proximal site in the lon...

The ability to change heading direction while walking is an important component of everyday mobility. During turning the movement of the body’s centre of mass must be redirected towards the new walking direction. The aim of this study is to experimentally test the proposition that turning is contr...

Achilles tendon (AT) moment arm (ATMA) was measured in vivo during running by combining motion capture and ultrasound (US) data. Results were compared to tendon excursion and regression equation ATMA values, and the effect of using different ATMA values on Achilles tendon force established. All meth...

This abstract presents methodology for modeling the energy storage and return properties of a semi-active variable-stiffness lower-limb prosthesis in the OpenSim musculoskeletal modeling platform. The prosthesis was modeled as a rigid hindfoot with an elastically hinged forefoot; stiffness was varie...

This study examined the associations between standard walking stability measures [Feasible Stability Region (FSR) and Margin of Stability (MOS)] and linear velocities of the torso and pelvis segments during intentional slips in 17 young healthy participants. MOS was related to anterior/posterior seg...

Inter-limb leg stiffness changes during weight transfer of gait were used to uncover the body support strategies of children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy (HCP). Compared to controls, children with HCP showed greater stiffness sharing on the sound side both during weight release and weight acceptan...

Young healthy adults performed rapid isometric force pulses with individual fingers in two directions (force generation and relaxation), and from three initial force levels. Force-rate enslaving was computed to quantify finger interdependence. The ring finger is the most enslaved, force-rate enslavi...

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