Abstract Archive

Following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury, altered joint kinematics and moments are often reported, even after long rehabilitation programs, which may lead to increased risk of re-injury. Single leg hop task minimizes the assistance from the contralateral side. The aim of the study was to co...

This study’s objective was to compare lower extremity joint coordination between high-calibre (HC) and low-calibre (LC) ice hockey players during forward stride skating. A 10-camera Vicon motion capture system collected kinematic data on 8 HC and 8 LC players. Continuous relative phase (CRP) was c...

Joint kinematics during running were compared between performance-matched groups of fifty-seven male and female runners at 11 km/h. Kinematics differed between the sexes at all joints, with the largest differences occurring in adduction-abduction at each joint; during stance females displayed more a...

Many industries are interested in using wearable displays (e.g., “smart” glasses) to enhance worker performance. Since diverse occupational tasks involve walking, however, it is important to evaluate walking safety while using this new technology. In an earlier study, participants complained abo...

The purpose of this research was to examine affordances and postural mechanics for manual materials handling in tasks that were embedded with visual directional cues. We found that cues could modify occupational behaviour and handling biomechanics in work tasks. Directional cues might provide a usef...

Bones are made of complex material comprising organic components and mineral hydroxyapatite, both of which formulate the unique hierarchical structure of bone and its mechanical properties. In this study, atomic force microscopy-based imaging and indentation approaches were adopted to investigate th...

The metabolic benefit of arm swing arises at and above optimal walking speeds. This benefit is coupled with increases in peak-to-peak arm swing amplitudes.

Multibody dynamic simulations are often used to generate estimates of muscle force and activation profiles during tasks like walking, but it is unclear if these simulations generated accurately capture muscle coordination patterns as measured by experimental electromyography (EMG) data. Muscle syner...

We aimed to determine whether calf muscle morphology or function differed between medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS) symptomatic and asymptomatic long-distance runners. Muscle thickness and strength of the superficial posterior lower leg compartment and calf muscle endurance were assessed for 8 sy...

Gender differences have been reported for lower extremity running mechanics in healthy and injured adult runners. However, lower extremity asymmetry has been less frequently studied. Uninjured adolescent runners were stratified by gender and side-to-side limb symmetry was measured during the stance ...

The purpose of this study was to compare anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk factors between female dancers and female soccer players during single- and double-leg drop landing vertical jump tasks. The female dancers landed with a significantly lower trunk flexion, trunk external rotation, ...

Differences in knee ligament moment arms might contribute to the sex-disparity in knee ligament injuries. We used a population model of the knee to create finite element simulations of varus-valgus rotations and found that the moment arms of the medial and lateral collateral ligaments were smaller i...

Walking unassisted resulted in less trunk flexion than using either the KB Balance Trainer or a traditional walker at self-selected speed. There were no significant kinematics differences between the KB Balance Trainer and a traditional walker.

Backboard lifting is a physically demanding component of paramedic work. The movement strategy used in backboard lifting can modulate the biomechanical exposures on the body. This study used a pattern recognition approach to identify differences in movement strategy between high and low exposure lif...

Different intensities of a stimulus (shoe weights) were applied to sport shoes. Participants ran with the shoes on the treadmill and simultaneously, the vertical ground reaction force and the rate of the perceived exertion were measured. The sense of effort and the sense of force were shown to have ...

Patient adherence with offloading removable cast walkers (RCW) is a challenge and self-reported concern with postural stability has been shown to be predictive of non-adherence. This study investigated whether a short RCW paired with a contralateral shoe lift might improve stability relative to a tr...

There is a temporal structure of stride-to-stride fluctuations found in healthy gait. However, older adults lose this temporal structure during walking. This can be counteracted through the use of external cueing that contains the temporal properties of pink-noise. This cueing mechanism can be used ...

While the overall incidence rate for injuries in skiing has been found to be decreasing in recent years, evidence has shown that severe injuries to the spine and spinal cord have increased. The presented review of the current literature highlights the lack of evidence regarding the efficacy of back ...

The incidence of cracked tooth syndrome (CTS) became common dental problems. The CTS refers to a partial fracture of a tooth, involving enamel, dentin. The bite force on the cracked tooth may increase the magnitude of the mechanical stress exerted onto the pulp, which may lead to pulp inflammation a...

The aim of this study was to explore the effects of rear-foot strike running with cushioning running shoes on the muscles strength of longitudinal arch. We recruited 9 rear-foot strike runners (wearing the cushioning shoes during running) and 9 non-running people to test the metatarsophalangeal join...

The objective of this analysis was to compare the biomechanical and electromyographic characteristics of successful vs. unsuccessful manual high-velocity, low-amplitude (HVLA) cervical and upper thoracic spinal manipulations. Manipulations not associated with cavitation of the vertebral joint were c...

The physical properties of motor units (MUs), and the connective tissues into which they are embedded, are important to understanding movement. MU remodelling and loss result from various causes, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Motor Neurone Disease (MND). Involuntary excitation of MUs ...

The use of posturography to distinguish fallers and non-fallers is widely debated, likely due to a lack of standardization in methodologies and reporting. The objective of our study was to examine whether between-group differentiation was possible by focusing on factors that had shown promise. It wa...

The spine is an anatomically complex system with many degrees of freedom. Due to this complexity, multiple motor control strategies may exist to complete a given task. The aim of this work was to identify if distinct coordination strategies are used during spine flexion/extension (FE). Kinematic dat...

We have previously reported that intrinsic foot muscle activation increases when running in cushioned running shoes, compared to barefoot running. A potential explanation for this finding is that the central nervous system increases muscle activation, altering foot stiffness to accommodate the added...

Maintaining stability in the presence of unexpected external perturbations is essential during walking. Systemic resilience, the capacity to timely recover from perturbations, is therefore achieved by suitable foot placement facilitating correction to the base of support relative to the body center ...

The objective of this study was to determine the number of runs needed to establish a stable running pattern during level, downhill, and uphill running conditions. Using a single, commercially available wearable sensor biomechanical data were collected from 35 runners completing 7 separate runs in v...

Axons hyperpolarise when they transmit trains of action potentials. Presently, we explored the link between the hyperpolarisation of motor axons and contraction fatigability during functional electrical stimulation (FES). We found that axonal excitability decreased, and contraction fatigability incr...

A total number of 20 young adults participated in a walking trial followed by an unexpected slip. The COM height, single/double stance phase duration, and angular momentum where calculated and compared between mild and severe slippers, during a full gait cycle and an additional 30% of gait cycle tim...