Abstract Archive

Muscles have transient and history-dependent properties that may be important in dynamic and unpredictable interactions with the environment, such as running on uneven terrain. Hill-type muscle models do not model a variety of phenomena emergent from acto-myosin interactions, such as short-range sti...

We developed and tested a radiology-driven framework to simulate hip kinematic motion and articular interference in young and active adults with diagnosed cases of two common hip pathologies. We “place” the hips of thirty-five individuals (15 control; 10 femoroacetabular impingement, FAI; and 10...

We used shear wave elastography (SWE) to examine changes in hamstrings muscle shear elastic modulus with contraction type and intensity. Also, we examined the relationships between hamstrings muscle size/architecture and shear modulus. Shear modulus increased curvilinearly with increasing contractio...

Statistical parametric mapping (SPM) has been used to analyse biomechanical data including force, kinematic and EMG trajectories, but common SPM software implementations require 20 ms for probability calculations, which may be too slow for real-time applications. This study aimed to improve the effi...

A biomechanical evaluation was completed to assess and help better understand the human-factor outcomes of sitting in an active office chair.

T2 MRI relaxation times of the ankle tibiotalar cartilage, plantar pressure and finite element predicted von Mises cartilage stress were evaluated in 10 novice and 10 marathon experienced (ME) runners who ran barefoot for 5km. After running, ME runners decreased tibiotalar cartilage stress and maint...

We tested whether optical flow perturbations in walking can detect preclinical balance impairment in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Compared to age-matched controls, PwMS had higher and more pervasive gait variability in the presence of perturbations. Thus, optical flow perturbations may det...

This study considers the technology of patient-specific computer planning of dentition restoration of edentulous mandible using dental implants. A model of the jaw and distribution of elastic modules by jaw‘s volume are reconstructed from a computer tomogram. The model is supplemented with virtual...

The periodic trajectory taken by a muscle on a force-length plot, i.e. a work loop, is an important measure of its function that arises from its active force generation and resistance to motion. Several types of work loops are routinely observed across different muscle types and across species: a la...

A 12-hour work day produces changes in the cognitive performance of workers. The case of air traffic controllers without doubt is an occupation of high cognitive and security demands. Postural control is influenced by the cognitive state of people. In the present study, differences in spontaneous po...

Muscle excitations are distributed heterogeneously within the muscle, resulting in local differences in the amplitude of surface electromyograms. The functional significance of regionalized muscle excitation may be studied with high-density recordings, but these data are high-dimensional, making the...

This study assessed the learning strategies adopted by a group of runners who underwent a running retraining program aiming to reduce peak tibial shock. Respondents exhibited combined gait modifications, including a reduction of the stride length and landing with a less dorsiflexed ankle after train...

Using serial elastic elements as an interface between human and isokinetic machine can positively influence the muscular work during contraction. The approach of the study was to evaluate effects of additional serial elasticity on the efficiency during force transmission. First results are promising...

Clinical measures of arm strength and pitch velocity were measured in college pitchers. Correlations to pitch velocity were identified and used to create a regression learner predictive neural network. The neural network allows pitch velocity to be determined within 2.325 mph, without maximum effort...

Chest and abdominal wall movements have important implications for monitoring patient routines. In this regard, the use of wearable technologies combined with data analysis can be a low cost and effective option to achieve this end. Here we set out to determine the feasibility of using accelerometry...

Optoelectronic plethysmography (OEP) is a 3D motion capture technique that provides information on an individual’s breathing pattern by measuring the movement of the chest wall. The purpose of this study was to determine if OEP derived breathing parameters could distinguish between rest, various e...

The current study examined 200 outdoor training runs from 23 recreational runners at predefined durations and intensities. The first and last 10% of each training session were compared for fatigue effects on dynamic loading, stability, and spatio-temporal variables using a single trunk mounted accel...

Peak lower-limb acceleration (PLA) is a possible factor influencing tibial stress fractures in runners . The majority of training runs are performed over varying surfaces and at lower intensity . This study evaluated differences in PLA across road and woodchip trail surfaces during a typical trainin...

A coordinated pattern of multi-muscle activation is essential to produce efficient reaching trajectories. Disruption of these coordinated activation patterns, termed synergies, is evident following stroke and results in reaching deficits; however, preclinical investigation of this phenomenon has bee...

The purpose of this research study was to examine postural control strategies used by people who participate in boarding sports on stable and unstable surfaces. Eleven healthy young adults (6 F) with boarding experience and 13 controls (6 F) were recruited. Participants underwent 2 testing component...

Incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI) often impairs walking ability, which increase fall risk and limit community ambulation. To develop effective interventions for improving such ability, behaviors that contribute to walking stability and how those behaviors can be modified must be identified. This ...

We investigated changes in quadriceps motor unit firing behaviour during 2-leg vs. 1-leg squat exercises. In both tasks, motor unit firing rates of the Vastus Lateralis (VL) muscle were significantly lower during eccentric vs. concentric phases of the squat. However, as the subjects moved from 2-leg...

This study demonstrates that the striated muscle protein, myopalladin, is involved in regulation of muscle growth resulting in altered isometric and isotonic properties. A mouse knockout model was generated, and muscle structural and functional properties measured. Muscle fiber diameter was smaller ...

The effects of typical mountain ultramarathon races (100 miles, i.e. 170 km) on neuromuscular fatigue have been well described. This study aimed to compare neuromuscular fatigue and recovery between two 170 km races i) in one single stage, and ii) when splitting the course in four equal stages of 42...

Comprehensive documentation of lower extremity muscle forces and patterns in gait is still lacking in literature. Such information may provide valuable baseline data for applications in rehabilitation, exercise, and robotics. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine muscle forces and pa...

A skin autofluorescence is useful index to estimate the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) as a non-invasive assessment. The purpose of this study was to estimate the relationship between the skin autofluorescence (AF) and the muscle activities of the lower limb in the elderly pe...

A soft pneumatic sleeve orthosis worn around the forearm and connected to the cuff of a Lofstrand crutch was designed to help alleviate high loading demands on the wrist and hand during crutch-assisted gait. When pressurized, the orthosis was found to provide moderate and physiologically-acceptable ...

Like breathing, standing balance is mostly effortless but the motion related to maintaining an upright posture can be perceived consciously. Because standing balance involves subcortical processes, the motion perceived while maintaining standing balance may differ from the motion detected by the bal...

Muscle activity during periods of postural adjustments is responsible for maintaining stability and body orientation. Our results showed muscle activity during the periods of anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments for the scapular muscles during upper limb tasks. We believe that the acti...