Abstract Archive

Gait variables, even temporospatial parameters, have close relationships between each variable. Previous study revealed some independent components among temporospatial parameters in normal subjects. In this study, we measured temporospatial and CoP related parameters with foot pressure measurement ...

We investigated the effect of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury on knee kinematics during walking using a musculoskeletal simulation. Motion data and ground reaction forces of five subjects during walking were captured. A detailed knee model with fourteen ligaments was developed and validated ...

Reductions in breast motion from wearing bras have been demonstrated, but relating reductions to subject perceptions of bra effectiveness or correlating reduction to breast size has met minimal success. These shortcomings suggest breast motion, and interaction is not adequately understood. This stud...

Task goals for walking like “stay on your path”, “keep moving forward”, and “maintain step width” are highly intuitive. However, these different individual goals cannot be enacted simultaneously. Instead, humans choose multi-objective options that balance multiple goals across multiple c...

Lower-limb amputees are at an increased risk for falls due to balance impairments and lack of sensory feedback. Dysvascular amputation is especially associated with a lack of sensory feedback from both limbs, although studies measuring balance impairments after amputation have primarily focused on t...

Ankle and hip joins are identified as crucial segments for corrective movement in balance. The aim of this study was to assess the connection of COM, pelvis, hip, knee and ankle and gait ground reaction forces with results of BIODEX LOS tests on stable/unstable surface. Kinematics was captured with ...

This study investigated the influence of sex on tibiofemoral cartilage response to running. Healthy adults completed MR imaging of their right knee immediately before and after 15-minutes of treadmill running at a self-selected moderate pace. Pixelwise cartilage thickness maps were created from the ...

Understanding the mechanisms underlying human locomotion is a central question in biomechanical and motor control research. In this study, similarities in the modular control structure of different gait forms are examined. Results show for specific coordinative structures (e.g. anterior/ posterior s...

Socioeconomic status has been shown to impact health and health care accessibility in people with lower limb loss [1]. We aim to evaluate specifically how physical activity behaviour and capacity are influenced by socioeconomic status in this population. In the 23 participants, we found that individ...

Stability is a key feature of posture plausibility in digital human models (DHM). Stepping is a behavioral mechanism to ensure the stability of the body. The aim of this study is to propose a novel stepping behavior in the presence or absence of external loads, which ensures the stability of a DHM. ...

Knee kinetics were measured in a cadaveric simulation of drop landing, in which clinically-relevant anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries were obtained. A principal component analysis (PCA) was performed on the knee kinetics to identify the most relevant parameters linked to injury. The findings...

Force-deflection behavior of trochanteric soft tissue during a fall has been measured using real-time ultrasonography. While there exists no gender difference, trochanteric soft stiffness is affected by pelvis impact configuration, being smallest during posteriolateral pelvis impact.

Femoral neck strength was assessed in five cadaveric human femora (age ranging 27-80) using simulated lateral impacts with a test system aligned with a CSA test standard. Prior to testing, hip-specific DXA scans were obtained to extract femoral neck BMD. Simulated lateral impacts were performed with...

Humans can control their actions in unpredictable environments, such as adjusting a tennis serve on a windy day. Here we examined how our nervous system uses both predictive and feedback control in response to uncertain mechanical loads. Participants reached to a target in the horizontal plane. An e...

Lower limb tissue stiffness is contingent on various factors, including body composition, loading rates, and the geometry of the indenting object. Being able to predict deformation of human soft tissue under different loading conditions could enable researchers and engineers to improve performance o...

High variability of gait motor output, such as stride time variability, occurs with aging and is a factor associated with falls in aging males and females. The mechanism is currently unclear but may be clarified by examining motor input variability. Males and females from 20 to 82 years of age compl...

The pendulum test has been used to objectively quantify spasticity, but its utility in Parkinsonian rigidity has been studied much less. Our recent simulations suggest that key features of abnormal pendulum test kinematics can be attributed to elevated muscle tone and reflex gain in spastic cerebral...

Soft tissues throughout the human body are known to perform negative work (i.e., energy absorption) through wobbling and deforming, particularly following foot impacts with the ground (e.g., in walking). But it is not known which tissues/locations in the body are responsible for most of this soft ti...

Last decade, a shift towards operative treatment of midshaft clavicular fractures has been observed [1]. Although plate osteosynthesis is supported by scientific evidence, mechanical requirements are absent [2]. The goal of this study was to compare the strength of a commercial and a low-profile pat...

Persons in law enforcement often encounter physically demanding tasks while working. However, this population has also been shown to have increased risk of cardiovascular disease and injury. We had 20 participants perform self-assessment of fitness then quantitatively measured cardiovascular fitness...

In this cadaveric study, radioulnar load-sharing behaviour at the elbow was investigated at various elbow positions by measuring the force transmitted to the radiocapitellar joint. Results show that pronation with flexed elbow tends to increase axial load transmitted via the radius, while supination...

Falls are significant events for those at greater risk. How peo-ple regulate stepping movements to maintain lateral balance is critical. Here, we quantified how persons with lower limb amputation regulate lateral stepping movements both with and without lateral perturbations.

The step length-step rate relationship in unilateral transfemoral amputee was investigated using linear regression analysis. The coefficient of determination of unaffected limb was significantly lower than able-bodied participant’s limb. Current results suggest that unilateral transfemoral amputee...

Ultrasonic imaging is a safe, established and non-invasive method to visualize the position of tissues within the body. Coupling existing skin mounted motion capture markers to ultrasound sensors could allow for precise measurement of bone position and orientation, without the loss in accuracy due t...

The mechanical properties of the calcaneal fat pad have been determined during plantarflexion using synchronised motion analysis and force plate systems. This study showed no significant differences in stiffness measurements between genders with respect to the left and right heels. The application o...

This project compared the impact attenuation of three short track speed skating (ST) and two ice hockey (IH) helmets models at two impact velocities and four impact locations. The findings were that IH helmets had better linear and rotational acceleration values across all velocities and locations t...

People reach with smooth hand trajectories, which are thought to facilitate accuracy [1]. Smoothness predicts trajectories well, but appears incompatible with physiological criteria such as metabolic cost, whose known contributors tend to predict overly jerky movements. This incompatibility might be...

Experiments have shown that humans walking on a treadmill strongly prioritize speed regulation from one stride to the next. Why this is so and what implications, if any, this has for fall risk is an open question. Here, we study the relationship between task-level regulation and global stability in ...

The structure-function relationships in human tibial cartilage are not known. We combined fibril-reinforced poroelastic modelling with quantitative microscopy and histology to interpret structure-function relationships of human tibial cartilage. Our findings suggest that the loss of collagen pretens...