Abstract Archive

Runners who forefoot strike are thought to increase strain on the plantar fascia and reduce the fascial stiffness, but there is limited quantitative evidence to support this view. Ultrasound shear wave elastography was performed to compare the plantar fascia elasticity among runners. Twenty-one rear...

High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is currently planned based only on radiographs obtained during a static standing position. This study aimed to develop a simulation tool to predict changes in the knee adduction moment (KAM) after a HTO based on the pre-operative data and forward dynamic model simulations...

Through the use of a new wearable slip perturbation device, this work probes whether the timing of an unconstrained slip during the stance phase of gait influences a number of slip characteristics and the compensatory step taken in response. We found that the onset time of a slip correlates signific...

Carrying a loaded backpack in combat situations is highly prevalent in military environments. In this study we aim to analyse the spatiotemporal gait adaptations in men and women belonging to the Spanish Army as they carry their combat backpack. Based on the spatiotemporal gait analysis, men and wom...

Sensory feedback may be manipulated during a stretching intervention by the addition of roller-ball massage. This added feedback can result in a larger increase in range of motion than stretching alone, and may influence motor neuron excitability of the involved muscles.

The follow through phase of volleyball hitting can cause shoulder injuries like rotator cuff tears, which is associated with the high arm angular velocities and the eccentric forces generated by the external rotators to slow the arm after striking the ball. We used musculoskeletal modelling and simu...

National Biomechanics Day (NBD) is a worldwide celebration of all things biomechanics for high school students and teachers, populations largely naïve to our field. NBD outreach events focusing on the biomechanics of sport and dance have been particularly effective by incorporating embodied learnin...

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Pressure mapping sensors provide portability but to draw valid conclusions their accuracy compared to a gold standard force platform must be established. This study compared original Tekscan readings and those scaled to a neural network (NN) to force plate values obtained during walking and jogging....

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the highly cushioned shoe on impact characteristics and kinematics of the lower limbs under fatigue conditions during drop landings. Fifteen male basketball players performed drop landings from 60cm height in pre- and post-fatigue with highly-cu...

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic disease affecting the arteries of the legs [1]. The current study evaluated if a single walking session is sufficient for patients with PAD to adapt to a passive ankle foot orthosis (AFO). Twelve subjects performed a standardized progressive load...

Return to sport testing is commonly used to assess the strength and function of athletes post anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). It is understood that kinematic asymmetries may predispose an athlete to poorer function or reinjury risk. The current study showed minimal interlimb differ...

Stair falls are a major problem for older people. The present study: a) applied a novel multivariate approach to characterize the overall stair behaviour while ascending and descending stairs and b) investigated whether the selected stepping behaviour was maintained irrespective of step dimensions. ...

Previously developed structural finite element models of trabecular bone adaptation have used randomised networks of truss elements, resulting in high nodal connectivity (the number of structural elements connecting to each node). With element level adaptation nodal connectivity can reduce but remai...

Surface and fine-wire electromyography activity of flexor hallucis longus, soleus, medial and lateral gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles was measured simultaneously during walking at four different speeds to examine whether signals recorded with the two methods exhibit similar signal charac...

Here we present a mathematical model that predicts the mechanical power of outdoor cycling measured in the crank arm. We derive this model from first principles to prescribe mechanical power as a function of speed and acceleration, which are described by a combination of cadence and gear ratio. In o...

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) individuals who exhibit atypical neuromuscular control strategies during a single limb forward hop demonstrate suboptimal self-reported function related to sport specific activities compared with ACLR individuals that use neuromuscular control strateg...

Neck flexion, which is associated with neck pain development, is typically observed when an individual uses a smartphone. The purpose of this study was to determine if clinical measures and neck kinematics during smartphone use were different between those who do and do not develop neck and upper ba...

A 5-finger myoelectric hand prosthesis of 7 different hand postures was successfully controlled using ANN with an armband-type multi-channel EMG module. The classification accuracy was evaluated for 10 normal volunteers, considering the independence of the EMG feature groups, donning and doffing tra...

We posit that an age-related shift toward shorter plantarflexor operating lengths functionally limits force generation, and thereby the ability of those muscles to respond to increased propulsive demands during walking. In older subjects, we found a strong and significant positive correlation betwee...

We examined situational factors associated with the frequency and severity of head impacts in men’s varsity ice hockey, through analysis of 409 head impacts captured through video and helmet-mounted sensors. We found that the most common scenarios were head impact to the glass or hand of an opposi...

The average energy consumption of children with cerebral palsy (CP) during walking is over two times that of typically-developing (TD) children. Spasticity is often theorized to contribute to this increased energy. We retrospectively analyzed energy consumption of individuals who underwent surgical ...

Falls among the elderly (aged ≥ 65) occur frequently and result in high injury and mortality rates. To reduce falls, it is critical to understand how older adults regulate stepping to maintain lateral balance while walking. Here, we compared how healthy young and older adults regulate stepping mov...

In order to better understand the biomechanics of stumbling and inform fall prevention strategies, seven individuals were tripped at a range of different times during leg swing. Kinematics and kinetics of their recoveries were analyzed. We identified the region in swing phase that elicited the most ...

Recently empirical mode decomposition (EMD) has been proposed to denoise the surface electromyography (EMG) signals. The EMD decomposes the signal in intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). The selection of IMFs that contain noise is usually selected based on noise thresholds. However, threshold amplitude ...

As part of 2018 National Biomechanics Day, Rush University Medical Center planned an ambitious off-site multi-partner celebration of dance biomechanics. The team shares lessons-learned to help biomechanists plan successful collaborative outreach programs with like-minded community organizations.

This study examined how people with unilateral lower limb amputation (LLA) perform a 180⁰ turn both toward and away from their prosthetic side. Results demonstrated that people with LLA perform turns differently than people without amputation, and that individuals with LLA use differing strategies...

Diabetes is a worldwide epidemic that often results in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). DPN may lead to reduced plantar pressure variability, and this lower variability may cause localized tissue loading and subsequent foot ulceration. The purpose of this study was to use anesthetize the planta...

A 16-week progressive foot muscle specific intervention program decreased some parameters associated with non-contact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and lateral ankle sprain (LAS) injury mechanisms. Changes in inter-foot and foot-shank segmental relationships were also observed.