Abstract Archive

The purpose of this study was to quantify the individuality of knee kinematics during running by examining the level of similarity between closely matched runners. Our results suggest that it becomes easier to identify similar runners as the size of a candidate pool increases; however, there is a li...

This study aimed to evaluate the activation of the three regions within the infraspinatus muscle during isometric external rotation (ER) exertions while the arm was positioned in different elevation postures. Superior and middle region of the infraspinatus showed similar activations irrespective of ...

Within- and between-day reliability and minimal detectable differences for select knee joint angles measured during running were determined. Knee joint variables demonstrated good to excellent within- and between-day reliability.

Although well-designed and properly fitted sports bras can reduce exercise-induced breast discomfort, women often report experiencing frictional bra-breast injuries during prolonged bouts of running. Frictional bra-breast injuries in sport have been significantly associated with age and breast size,...

Lower limb tissue stiffness is contingent on various factors, including body composition, loading rates, and the geometry of the indenting object. Being able to predict deformation of human soft tissue under different loading conditions could enable researchers and engineers to improve performance o...

Common post-mastectomy breast reconstructions require the removal of key shoulder muscles, which can alter shoulder biomechanics and may affect a patient’s ability to perform activities of daily living. However, the extent to which post-reconstruction shoulder biomechanics influences clinical outc...

Falls among the elderly (aged ≥ 65) occur frequently and result in high injury and mortality rates. To reduce falls, it is critical to understand how older adults regulate stepping to maintain lateral balance while walking. Here, we compared how healthy young and older adults regulate stepping mov...

Daily use of a manual wheelchair (MWC) has been identified as a potential source of shoulder pain in individuals with a spinal cord injury (SCI). Compression of the rotator cuff soft tissue beneath the coracoacromial (CA) arch is hypothesized to contribute to this pain. This study aimed to determine...

Three-dimensional spring-mass models can be used to study the dynamics and control of running. Cutting manoeuvres are used by running humans to change direction and are of interest because of their relationship to performance and injury. Here we investigate the utility of a 3D spring-mass model for ...

Patellofemoral pain is a common lower extremity disorders among people who engage in running activities. Twenty healthy male participants were selected with various foot progression angles during running. Their kinetics and kinematics associated with patellofemoral pain during habitual and modified ...

Ultrasonic measurements of rectus femoris echogenicity (ECHO) provide a measure reflecting infiltration of muscle by non-lean tissue (muscle quality). ECHO and subcutaneous fat thickness (SCFT) were related to mobility in older women with knee OA. Over and above obesity, muscle quality is associated...

Falls are significant events for those at greater risk. How peo-ple regulate stepping movements to maintain lateral balance is critical. Here, we quantified how persons with lower limb amputation regulate lateral stepping movements both with and without lateral perturbations.

Panoramic ultrasound has been used to measure muscle morphology – an important biomechanical parameter. However, the validity of this measure has yet to be shown in the hamstrings. Our preliminary results suggest good to excellent reliability of ultrasound for multiple hamstring muscle-tendon morp...

Women’s participation in running events has increased drastically. In particular, more women have participated in running races in the U.S. between the mid-2000s and 2016 than men. With an increase in overall participation, particularly with the participation of women in race events, more research...

Falling forward on the outstretched hand is a common cause of injuries in older adults. Fall arrest mechanics in women have been investigated but sex-related aspects are currently unknown. To date, the biomechanics of 22 older adults (11 females) who completed forward descents on outstretched hands ...

In this study, we explored and verified a simple approach to simultaneously penalize both muscle activation and joint contact loads within OpenSim. By adding additional degrees of freedom (DOF) to a joint of interest and providing sufficient strength for “contact” actuators along these DOF, we d...

We introduce a simple experimental paradigm for estimating Achilles tendon stress and calibrating the wave speed squared-stress relationship for individual subjects. We observed strong linear relationships between wave speed squared and stress for 32 subjects, with some task- and subject-specific va...

While laboratory studies provide a rich literature on cognitive and physical performance under strenuous conditions that simulate some of the mission relevant conditions Soldiers are asked to perform, there is additionally a need to assess relevant biomechanical, physiological and cognitive metrics ...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dynamic stability of healthy older adults during turning under the dual task condition. A total of 16 healthy older adults were recruited and asked to perform a single walking task and a dual motor walking task. Kinematic data were collected by using ...

This study investigates the differences in head impact exposure (HIE) for the striking player versus the struck player during tackling events in youth football. Head impact data was collected for six youth football games over three seasons using the Head Impact Telemetry (HIT) System to measure magn...

Anterior cruciate ligament-deficient (ACL-D) individuals had a smaller total support moment (TSM) during stair descent compared to a control group. When examining joint components of the TSM, knee extensor and ankle plantarflexor moments were significantly reduced in the ACL-D group while the hip ex...

The step length-step rate relationship in unilateral transfemoral amputee was investigated using linear regression analysis. The coefficient of determination of unaffected limb was significantly lower than able-bodied participant’s limb. Current results suggest that unilateral transfemoral amputee...

Humans can control their actions in unpredictable environments, such as adjusting a tennis serve on a windy day. Here we examined how our nervous system uses both predictive and feedback control in response to uncertain mechanical loads. Participants reached to a target in the horizontal plane. An e...

Women make up a large percentage of the running population, however research to understand benefits and risks of continuing to run into the silver years is limited. Our work suggests age-related changes in neuromuscular function and running mechanics are not the same for males and females and female...

Limited research has investigated sex differences in muscle activation, especially in the upper extremity. This study used high-density electromyography to investigate sex differences in activation of the clavicular (PecC) and sternocostal (PecS) regions of the pectoralis major in three different ar...

Through the use of a new wearable slip perturbation device, this work probes whether the timing of an unconstrained slip during the stance phase of gait influences a number of slip characteristics and the compensatory step taken in response. We found that the onset time of a slip correlates signific...

Unilateral transtibial amputees lose the afferent pathways of the limb when amputation occurs. The addition of vibration has shown to increase sensation on the applied limb. This study looks into how the addition of subthreshold vibration affects amputee gait and posture. Vibration applied to the re...

The time-dependent flow in the vicinity of an arterial branch is considered. The geometries are derived from patients with renal artery stenosis. The details of the flow from the abdominal aorta into the renal artery are considered by well resolved numerical simulations. The flow was compared betwee...

Fatigue decreases the performance and affects the postural control, but its after effect duration is not clear yet. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a specific fatigue protocol for handball athletes in the postural control. Handball athletes stood quietly on the force plate for 30 s. In...

A prosthetic shock-absorbing pylon (SAP) attenuates impact forces to dissipate shock in individuals with amputation. However, it is unclear how a SAP and their spring stiffness affect the mechanical work done by the prosthetic limb. We observed that SAP spring stiffness had a speed-dependent effect ...