Abstract Archive

This study aims to compare the regional load transfer forces of consecutive steps between typically developed children and children with congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV or clubfoot).

Strength and balance exercises have already been shown to help improve stability, and thereby reduce the risk of falling in older adults. These exercises are often delivered face-to-face in a group class which is not always easy for older adults to attend. Compliance to prescription exercises at hom...

We used switched linear dynamical systems (SLDS) to model joint angle trajectories of healthy individuals walking on a treadmill with and without functional electrical stimulation (FES). We tested the ability of the SLDS models to reproduce the kinematic trajectories based on measured the joint angl...

In order to assess the mastication functionality, oral food breakdown procedure was modeled as a simplified fracture mechanics problem and was solved using an enriched smooth particle hydrodynamics method. Maximal occlusal forces computed using this model were in accordance with previous experiments...

Pelvic fracture is a disruption of the bony structures of the pelvis. Pelvic fracture fixations are needed to restore the original position. The present study investigated the strengths and limitations of different treatment strategies for vertically unstable pelvic fractures using a three-dimension...

The cervical spine poses a high risk of paralysis when injured. Recently surgeons have begun using cervical total disc replacements (CTDR) to preserve motion when reconstructing the cervical spine. This researched focused on the construction of a 3D geometrical reconstruction of the full cervical sp...

The present study aims to develop a dynamics model based on the multibody dynamics methodology to study the influence of ligamentous insufficiency on damage estimation, i.e. wear and creep, of total knee arthroplasty. The anterior cruciate ligament is assumed sacrificed during the knee surgery while...

Postural control deficits have been shown to exist up to one month following concussion. Although post-concussion postural control deficits have been studied extensively, less is known regarding the effects of participation in contact sports, characterized by repetitive head impacts (RHI), has on po...

The net summed joint work calculated from inverse dynamics analysis of steady state walking is often reported to be nonzero, whereas the total mechanical energy of the body (i.e. kinetic energy and gravitational potential energy) does not change between strides. This discrepancy may be explained by ...

In this study we created an integrated system combining motion capture, plantar pressure, and shear stress. This device was used to investigate the effects of walking speed on metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint power and work. MTP negative work increased substantially with walking speed, illustrating t...

The human masticatory region is a highly complex biomechanical apparatus. A connection between joint problems and increased joint loads has been suggested in previous literature, but in vivo investigations of the joint load are not possible. Biomechanical computer simulation remains one of the only ...

Greyhounds are the fastest canine in the world and sustain unique types of injuries which are rarely seen in other breeds of dogs. Track surface is one of the primary injury contributing factors. There has been little research on the interaction of greyhound’s dynamics with the track surface. Thus...

The mechanical impedance of active muscle affects the stability of musculoskeletal systems to perturbations. Following a recent experimental finding, we have developed a three filament muscle model in which myosin loads titin when shortening and clutches onto titin during lengthening. A virtual acti...

Biomechanics holds substantial promises for engaging students in important concepts in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) at the P12 levels as it can overlay nicely with national standards. This project examined the feasibility of using a questioning assessment, that elicits bi...

A biomechanical model of the lower limb with active three-dimensional (3D) muscles is developed in the open-source Artisynth platform (www.artisynth.org) to simulate knee movement. This model is going to be used in particular to broaden our knowledge about the biomechanical effects of high tibial os...

The physical properties of motor units (MUs), and the connective tissues into which they are embedded, are important to understanding movement. MU remodelling and loss result from various causes, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Motor Neurone Disease (MND). Involuntary excitation of MUs ...

We developed and used a “falling dummy” to explore how¶ backward fall dynamics affect head impact severity. We¶ varied torso shape and hip stiffness, based on observations¶ from video-captured real-life falls in older adults. Peak linear¶ and angular head accelerations were higher with rotat...

This study aims to understand the influence of spine modelling and marker placement on the execution of the inverse kinematics (IK) process in OpenSim. IK adjusts the model at each time step best matching the marker data while remaining kinematically feasible, correcting for experimental error. Anal...

The overall goal of this project is to use computer simulation tools to simulate the impact of radiation therapy (RT) treatment for oropharyngeal cancer. We further describe the advantages and challenges of investigating radiation impact using computer simulation.

Examining the effects of prolonged running on gait mechanics is needed to understand the multifactorial nature of running injury. However, the window of opportunity to capture the effects of a sub-exhaustive prolonged run on gait is unknown. Five runners completed overground motion capture before an...

Patients with shoulder subluxation often experience pain which limits arm functionality. In this paper we present a spring loaded shoulder orthosis which provides a joint-oriented force on the upper arm. Due to the type of springs and the location of the attachment points this force is always direct...

We performed a pilot study that compares the following methods of visual biofeedback: filtering feedback, fading feedback, and multimodal feedback. We evaluate feedback performance by quantifying the transient response and steady state response of the subject to a new target step width. Transient st...

The Plug in Gait model (PiG) is a commonly used biomechanical model for clinical gait. Recently, an open access alternative model to the PiG has been released for use. In considering the potential to transition to the new model, we are interested in comparing data calculated by the PiG and the new p...

Automated plantar pressure (PP) masking can improve reporting time, remove human error/bias, and standardize masking methods when used for PP-based gait analysis. Twenty participants walked while optical motion capture cameras tracked 3-dimensional locations of the markers and a PP mat simultaneousl...

The Olympic Games are a multi-sport global event with several modalities. Currently, thousands of athletes participate in the Olympic competitions, improving teamwork, organization and union in pursuit of a goal. "Biomechanics", a discipline present in the curriculum of Physiotherapy and Physical Ed...

The objective of this study was to determine the number of runs needed to establish a stable running pattern during level, downhill, and uphill running conditions. Using a single, commercially available wearable sensor biomechanical data were collected from 35 runners completing 7 separate runs in v...

Traumatic brain injuries have known negative effects on individuals. Brain morphometry plays a role in the degree of deformation of tissue under impact conditions. Two elastomer phantoms, one with true brain morphometric representation and the other with no morphometry, were subjected to the same lo...

Visualisation is the connection of biomechanical analysis and virtual reality. This produces real-time results, by accurately monitoring movement and progress, using virtual reality to create a diverse, challenging, and controllable environment, representative of real-world situations [1]. This stud...

Forces in the gastrocnemii, quadriceps, and hamstrings and tibiofemoral axial contact forces estimated by a deterministic model are compared to instrumented prosthesis measurements and EMGs and demonstrate reliable results.

Gait phase recognition is of great importance to develop accurate timing feedback for exoskeleton control. In order for a powered exoskeleton to determine and provide proper assistance to the wearer during gait, the user’s current gait phase must first be identified accurately. Deep convolutional ...