Abstract Archive

Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have been shown to exhibit gait abnormalities when compared to children with typical development (TD). Despite this phenomenon, few discernible gait patterns have been revealed among children with ASD. Therefore, no generalized gait characteristics have b...

In this cadaveric study, radioulnar load-sharing behaviour at the elbow was investigated at various elbow positions by measuring the force transmitted to the radiocapitellar joint. Results show that pronation with flexed elbow tends to increase axial load transmitted via the radius, while supination...

A transient period of accelerated relaxation occurs when mammalian muscle is repeatedly stimulated. We aimed to determine if a similar effect occurs during repetitive stimulation of frog plantaris muscle. The existence of this effect would provide insight into the mechanisms controlling the rate of ...

In this study, we tested for differences in torque, electromyographic activity (EMG), and the associated neuromuscular efficiency (NME) between isometric voluntary contractions of elbow flexors preceded and not preceded by a lengthening contraction. The dependence of such differences on (i) stretch ...

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an atherosclerotic disease affecting the arteries of the legs [1]. The current study evaluated if a single walking session is sufficient for patients with PAD to adapt to a passive ankle foot orthosis (AFO). Twelve subjects performed a standardized progressive load...

The structure-function relationships in human tibial cartilage are not known. We combined fibril-reinforced poroelastic modelling with quantitative microscopy and histology to interpret structure-function relationships of human tibial cartilage. Our findings suggest that the loss of collagen pretens...

National Biomechanics Day (NBD) is a worldwide celebration of all things biomechanics for high school students and teachers, populations largely naïve to our field. NBD outreach events focusing on the biomechanics of sport and dance have been particularly effective by incorporating embodied learnin...

Ultrasound shear wave velocity (SWV) is used to assess material properties of skeletal muscle, such as stiffness. Because specific tension and normalized short-range stiffness of muscle tissue vary linearly with activation and in a similar fashion across muscles with different architectures, we expe...

A systematic review of the murine tibia axial compression model was carried out in order to explore the effect of static preload (SPL) on bone adaptation. SPL is a recently identified potential inhibitor of loading-induced bone adaptation [1]. Of 1766 initially identified references, 15 articles met...

Repetitive overhead work remains a potent risk factor for development of musculoskeletal shoulder disorders. This study evaluated how subjective and objective measures of shoulder performance, and indicators of muscle fatigue, varied as a function of exertion height during a complex hand force exert...

Kinetic data acquired from force plates embedded in moving platforms naturally contain artifacts called inertial components; however, their removal requires knowledge of the system’s inertial properties. Our objective was to: develop a method for estimating the inertial properties and force plate ...

This study investigated the relationship between ratio of vastus medialis (VM) to vastus lateralis (VL) muscle thickness and the knee valgus angle at initial contact during single-leg landing. Ultrasound images of VM and VL were obtained from thirteen healthy subjects. All subjects performed single-...

An accurate method to analyze shoulder kinematics in a clinical setting is needed in order to optimize treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability and accuracy of kinematics derived from 2D assessment of single plane fluoroscopy images compared to kinematics from 2D/3D shap...

Many studies showed that the running biomechanics of lower extremity was influenced by running shoes. Recently, gait retraining programs also did exert certain effects on the running impact characteristics. However, few rigorous scientific studies have been conducted to compare the biomechanics of l...

Carrying a loaded backpack in combat situations is highly prevalent in military environments. In this study we aim to analyse the spatiotemporal gait adaptations in men and women belonging to the Spanish Army as they carry their combat backpack. Based on the spatiotemporal gait analysis, men and wom...

The follow through phase of volleyball hitting can cause shoulder injuries like rotator cuff tears, which is associated with the high arm angular velocities and the eccentric forces generated by the external rotators to slow the arm after striking the ball. We used musculoskeletal modelling and simu...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the associations between kinematic compensations during the single-leg squat (SLS) and stride knee kinematics during the baseball pitch in adolescent baseball pitchers. A secondary purpose was to determine whether the SLS may be used as a lower extremity ...

The purpose of this study was to clarify the influence of eye closing during standing on EEG-EEG coherence and EEG-EMG coherence. Eleven healthy young persons participated in this study. Two-leg and one-leg standing were performed for 30 seconds. EEG, EMG, velocity of center of pressure (COP) in the...

Low back pain (LBP) is the most common, and disabling musculoskeletal disorder worldwide, with posture being a modifiable risk factor for LBP. The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of a lumbopelvic postural feedback device for changing postural behaviour in a group of healthcare worke...

This literature review and meta-analyses show that there is a statistically significant elevation in Metabolic Cost of Walking (MCoW) between healthy young and elderly for both gross (12%) and net costs (17%) of walking. However this elevation is possibly confounded by an interaction between age and...

Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) procedures are prevalent throughout the United States [1]. Patients often experience dissatisfaction and asymmetric gait post-TKA. Seven TKA patients conducted walking trials on three different terrains as well as completed a satisfaction survey. Initial findings identi...

Current assessments of pectus deformities use highly subjective, low precision calipers and may require exposure to ionizing radiation. This study demonstrates the high reliability of a low cost commercially available 3D scanning and custom measurement technique for non-invasive assessment of pectus...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the highly cushioned shoe on impact characteristics and kinematics of the lower limbs under fatigue conditions during drop landings. Fifteen male basketball players performed drop landings from 60cm height in pre- and post-fatigue with highly-cu...

While a human’s preferred walking speed is understood to arise from energy optimization, energy criteria alone do not explain how task-level requirements such as speed regulation are maintained in the presence of neuromotor noise and motor redundancy. Here, we employ a 3D dynamic walking model and...

The aim of the synthetic turf with underlaid shock pad is to provide additional impact absorption for the players. For this study, twelve active and healthy recreational male athletes performed 60 cm drop landing with a controlled landing style on five surfaces: a regular surface (force platform), a...

Plantar fasciitis is a common running injury often resulting in alterations in training, but it is unknown if gait mechanics differ based on injury status. This study examined gait kinematics in runners with current plantar fasciitis, resolved plantar fasciitis, and no history of plantar fasciitis.

The helical axes of motion for the proximal carpal bones were calculated using three-dimensional carpal position data from 10 subjects with varying degrees of wrist laxity. During mid-range wrist ulnar deviation, the triquetrum ulnar-deviated as the scaphoid and lunate extended. We found that with d...

We have engineered the first animal models to study Freeman-Sheldon Syndrome (FSS) by expressing transgenic myosin containing FSS-causing point mutations Y583S and T178I in Drosophila. We studied the mutations’ effects on indirect flight muscle (IFM) and jump muscle mechanical properties to elucid...